TV Violence Essays - Criminology, Crime, Dispute Resolution

Television Violence Influences of media viciousness Almost four many years of research on TV seeing and other media have reported the practically general presentation of U.S. youngsters to elevated levels of media viciousness (Norris, 187). Brutality is a segment normal for some TV programs and sadly our lives. Consistently we will in general watch news, and consistently we hear that individuals were slaughtered, looted or tormented. Four out of ten individuals said that they had been the casualties of genuine or undermined savagery in the United States. Generally I inquire myself why a few people have propensities toward viciousness. What elements cause those savage and forceful practices? Among wide different reasons, for example, mental wellbeing, individual qualities and financial status there is the brutality in media that gives individuals those unreasonable thoughts and motivation. In my Core II investigate paper, I am masculine concerned how kids K-12 are influenced by film and TV savagery. In the drawn out research over the forty years, scientists have demonstrated the connection between staring at the TV savagery and executing genuine savagery and that presentation to TV brutality is dangerous to kids wellbeing what's more, government assistance. In any case, others have figured out how to infer that there is no relationship what gives the issue discussion and various contributing factors must be consider (Journal of Psychology, July 1997). Elements that I have to take in thought are: each day introduction to TV (assessed time spent of sitting in front of the TV), kind of most loved projects, recurrence of discussing demise and viciousness with guardians and companions, kid age, sexual orientation contrasts, parental control and obligation, peers, youngster's correspondence, direction what's more, association with condition and may other. Four years back I in my brain research class I have learned about learning propensities in youth when I experienced effects of film and TV savagery on youngster advancement. It was from mental point of view however it gave me a decent knowledge about the point. Pretty much consistently track in the news and governmental issues just exhausted my information in this field. The main things I didn't know were about U.S. Senate endorsement of an alteration which test the showcasing of savage and explicitly express materials to minors, and about President Clintons exertion and concern that kids when they are eighteen will be extremely presented to brutality and sensationalized kills on TV and motion pictures. Research for my point I started at home on the Internet however with exceptionally destitute outcomes. I discovered hardly any locales with broad data on film and TV savagery however they didn't give me with enough data and I made a beeline for the UCF library. In the library, I begun my examination utilizing on-line library index and the Web-LOUIS framework. All through these frameworks, I found a few books identified with my theme. These frameworks didn't give me adequate data on diary nor magazine sources identified with my theme. In this manner, I moved to another host framework to search for diary and magazine sources pertinent to my examination. From the outset, I discovered bounty articles in different magazines accessible in the UCF library, however when I limited my hunt, I acquired only enough to work with. I recorded the call numbers for these magazines and traveled trough the library to locate those particular articles. At the point when I discovered articles pertinent to my theme, not all were anything but difficult to track down, I invested some quality energy perusing and inquiring about. At the point when I got done with sources accessible in the library I started my whole research process again however this time with Ebsco-hos where I likewise discovered heaps of full content articles accessible on line pertinent to my exploration. In spite of all the trouble I figured I would experience in my exploration, I am happy with my examination procedure what was very effective. I will seek after my exploration even grow it so as to get better understanding and more data on the issue, lead one more meeting not with common individuals like I previously did.

Reality vs. Pretense: the Leading Binary Opposition in Lawrence’s “The Rocking Horse Winner”

â€Å"You can twist it and bend it; you can abuse and misuse it, however even God can't change the reality,† the popular Michael Levy once said. This symbolic citation doles out the vital reason for individuals whereupon every single other idea are estimated. It is the â€Å"reality† that none seek after yet all love. Since abstract works recognize the light on real factors that individuals disguise, it is the place paired restrictions are genuinely introduced. D. H Lawrence's â€Å"The Rocking Horse Winner† is no special case. By introducing two primary mythemes â€Å"Reality/Pretend† under the idea of mentalities, Lawrence shows how relatives, society residents and even lifeless things lean toward second rate misrepresentation over unrivaled reality. In any case, the double resistance of â€Å"Reality/Pretense† is seriously expounded on by the mentalities of Paul's family. The mother, the uncle and Basset keep putting covers in order to cloud their genuine goals towards Paul. The structure of the mother dwells in her snake-changing behavior which impeccably passes on logical inconsistency among genuineness and going about as though. She persistently carries on as though she adores her youngsters genuinely while â€Å"at the focal point of her heart [there is] a hard little spot that couldn't feel love. † The flimsy pretend deeds permit just for herself and her posterity to understand her genuine internal sentiments despite the fact that not before others. The absence of verbal correspondence shows shortcoming inside the family bonds subbing it with Paul's disliking glares. By favoring quiet over speaking, Paul himself depicts the unprivileged part of another twofold: â€Å"presence/nonattendance. The sky blue shade of his eyes hints his last end where he leaves the earth to the skies. Be that as it may, the uncle's job amasses this imagine you-care system so as to accomplish most extreme misuse out of the kid. Oscar shows care for the child when approaching Basset about the purpose behind Paul being keen on derbies. In any case, burrowing further, one finds that the uncle goes with him to the derby and o ffers him five dollars. Moreover, Basset charges that he identifies with the kid's advantage. Notwithstanding, the concealed objective is not, at this point hidden; it's to crush out the little kid for cash. None of the relatives demonstrations in a genuine way with the exception of Paul himself. What he has in jumps out through his discourse. Indeed, even this relieving reality changes toward the end as the storyteller says, â€Å"he [has] a mystery inside a mystery, something he [has] not unveiled, even to Bassett or to his Uncle Oscar. † Just like his shaking horse, none of Paul's family encounters soundness however take the side of mediocre piece of the double restriction as their character determiner. Furthermore, imagining a higher status in the public arena is the focal point of the mother for which she sincerely surrenders her family. As proof, the storyteller announces, â€Å"there [is] consistently the granulating feeling of the deficiency of cash, however the style [is] constantly kept up. † Camouflaging the genuine entitled monetary status that the family keeps up is the thing that the mother approaches in light of the fact that such a reality would put her on the edges of society. The interpersonal organizations are clearly developed by imagined real factors. This interesting expression is exceptionally bent in the manner she and her significant other extravagantly dress however the previous just gets â€Å"several hundred† as a compensation. The mother's fixation on materialistic belongings restricts her from proclaiming the truth that they â€Å"are poor individuals from the family. † Instead, she unendingly professes to have an esteem she doesn't generally bear. The mother's egocentricity structure breaks down the family and drives Paul to pay his life for the good of she. In any case, she missions an extravagant house to emit their genuine monetary abilities from society. For example, the storyteller affirms, â€Å"they live[s]in a lovely house, with a nursery, and they ha[ve] cautious hirelings, and [feel] themselves better than anybody in the area. The second rate some portion of the double resistance â€Å"Reality/Pretend† is what being kept away from to talk about in broad daylight affirming the way that unprivileged mythemes are not lauded by society. This life-driving double restriction is a center guideline whereupon every single other parallel are estimated including â€Å"satisfaction/dis-fulf illment. † This is the manner by which perusers are acquainted with two complex pairs when the mother imagines fulfillment and conceals the true blue discontent. Structuralist Barthes stresses that double resistances are so carved in humankind's brain to the degree that one can't win. Regardless of whether it's the plot structure or the characters’, they all affirm one certainty: the mission for cash to obey society winds up in a mother's blame and a youngster's demise. To wrap things up, the spine-chilling methods, by which lifeless things in the house demonstration, likewise add to the general twofold resistance that crumples the family. The house and toys imagine a domain of qualities which are not underestimated as genuine ones. The target truth of the defilement of Paul's condition depends on the represented structures of those lifeless tems. The grand looking house rehashes â€Å"there must be more money† multiple times all through the story driving Paul to an awful tumble down. An all the more persuading intimation is shown by the way that just at Christmas celebrations and birthday events, the house goes insane and gets spooky by the expression. D. H Lawrence is really strengthening the outrageous logical inconsistency between what characters are and what they do by conveying the twofold resistance under the idea of perspectives. It sounds as a plague moving from invigorate to lifeless ones. To include, the â€Å"big doll sitting so pink and grinning in her new pram† assumes a significant job in clarifying the paired. â€Å"Smirking† is a sign where the meant is â€Å"smiling,† and it additionally balance reality with falsification. The indication is to grin unpleasantly with vain way, and the undertone is tied in with knowing the ghostly truth of the house yet not sharing it. It is the structure of the word that uncovered obscure facts. In addition, the little dog â€Å"look [s] so phenomenally foolish† in spite of the fact that it realizes what the house relaxes. That is identified with one more inferior component in â€Å"wise/foolish† parallel resistance. The blockhead demonstrations of all inhabitants of the house help them to acknowledge misrepresentation. Quickly, the double isn't just engraved in people, yet additionally lifeless things are influenced by the destroyed trickiness exhibited by the house occupants. To finish up, the conflicting perspectives which oversee the connection between relatives, society residents and non-living occupants of the house add an accentuation to the second rate some portion of every double restriction; consequently they experience a vile end as an end product for their un-affirmed decision. Structuralism doesn't take into account a fact on limits however for a possible target exactness. What controls humankind is made by people themselves. We make and tail it paying little heed to our comprehension or numbness, in this manner keeping ourselves from finding an increasingly beneficial reality. It's â€Å"Reality† which is the special in Barthes' philosophy, however Paul's environmental factors don’t follow the inside influencing him devastatingly. Back to Levy's first citation, Lawrence's characters attempts to abuse and misuse reality, yet they can't transform it. Rather, they cover it and become doomed.

Step-by-Step Guide on How to Write an Expository Essay

Step-by-Step Guide on How to Write an Expository Essay First of all we must know the meaning of the word expository. when students start writing their essay most of them don’t know the exact meaning of the topic on which they are presenting their point of view. The term Expository is derived from the word “ exposition” which means to expose, explaining or describing something. An expository essay means writing on a particular topic that going to explain, clarify or illustrate related to the topic in such a way that it becomes clear for the reader. Function of an Expository Essay Summary Function of an Expository EssayObjective of an Expository EssayTypes of an Expository EssayHow to write an Expository Essay? Make planningGive impressive introductionInclude the main pointsWinding up an essayProblems occur in writing EssayExamples of title on how to write an expository essay:-An expository essay writing help to get you startedEssay writing help online services features The function of an expository essay is to explain the topic through process, comparison, contradiction or through problem solution. Objective of an Expository Essay The purpose of an expository essay is to explain a topic in a straightforward manner. It provides full and detailed information in a way that readers become knowledgeable about the topic. An expository essay includes neither criticism nor arguments. Types of an Expository Essay There are five types of an expository essay are as follows: Definition essay In this essay writer defined things related to the topic in a deep form. Classified essay Classified essay includes break down of the topic into categories or groups by the writer. It makes more easier for the audience to understand the topic with the help of categories. Cause and effect essay This essay finds out the cause of something and then its effect on something else. Comparison and differentiation essay It includes the similarities and differences between the places or things related to the topic. Solution suggesting essay In this essay writer presents the problem related to the topic and provide its solution for the reader. From the above explanation now you have the knowledge of an expository essay.  Now we are going to explain the steps included in how to write an expository essay. How to write an Expository Essay? Here we provide right direction on “how to write an expository essay?”. These are the following steps which a candidate should follow: 1: Make planning.  2: Give an impressive introduction. 3: Include the main points. 4: Winding up an essay. Make planning In the first step, the writer made the planning of how to write an expository essay. It includes the following points: The writer should take time for brainstorming related to the topic. He can do research or check the guidelines given by the teachers before start writing. Secondly, consider the audience which he wants to target. Understand the expectations and mindset of the audience. Make an outline of the ideas and included it in the essay after checking its Credibility. Give impressive introduction While writing an essay, introduction plays an important part in it. The introduction should be interesting so that the audience can relate to the topic and listen to it properly from the beginning to the end. It includes the following points: Introduction of the essay must grab the attention of the reader.The introduction must be in the formal language.It must be brief so that the audience can relate to the topic and can think about it. Include the main points It includes three to five paragraphs in total. Each body paragraph should explain the points related to the topic with examples. In this writer explain the topic in detail. It includes different types of evidence in order to prove your point correct. Examples of evidence include: Description of topic Thesis report.Facts and logic etc. Winding up an essay Winding up an essay should be done smartly by the writer. You will not include any new point in the concluding paragraph. You can summarize the entire idea in a concise manner so that the audience can understand the points included in the essay. Analysis of each point will be done by the reader so that they all can understand the topic. Problems occur in writing Essay The following are the problems faced by the writer in writing an expository essay: Lack of writing skills.Difficulty in selecting the topic.Lack of confidence.Fear of failure.Disturbed by the voice of the audience. Examples of title on how to write an expository essay:- If you don’t know where to start and don’t have any idea on which topic you will write your essay, then we have prepared a list of expository essay topics, which may help you to get started:- Benefits of exercisingProtection of the environment.Smoking is injurious for health.The problem of generation gap.Does the use of social media impact academic performance? Once you get the clarity about the topic our experts provide you help in writing an expository essay. An expository essay writing help to get you started If you face difficulty on how to write an expository essay then we provide help you in writing this essay. Thousands of students worldwide taking help from us in order to write an argumentative essay. With the help of availability of writing of a discursive essay, you can get the clarity of your topic and which may help in increasing the quality of your essay and help you to present your message or point of view in an effective way. We provide help you in writing an essay from the selection of the topic to proofread. Essay writing help online services features We have well-experienced experts who have years of experience in their teaching field.We always deliver your essay writing help within the given time.Our experts provide the essay writing help services at affordable prices.Our expert team is available for your help either it’s a day or night i.e. 24/7 help is available.You can ask for the changes in your essay writing from our expert anytime.Every essay writing helps you get from our expert is error-free.Our team of experts is completely dedicated to delivering the best essay writing services. We have many customers who are happy and a hundred percent satisfied with our services.Your doubts and queries will be answered immediately by our experts.Our experts provide detailed information about the topic included in an expository essay because the explanation of the topic is the main part of this essay. Now you have the services available on how to write an expository essay, receive a higher score and make an impact while presenting your point of view in more confident and an effective way.

Police Brutality And The United States - 1608 Words

Police abuse remains as one of the most deliberate human rights violations in the United States. For over a decade police have acted in ways that makes us question their professionalism. Makes the wonder if law enforcement are taking advantage of their criminal justice â€Å"powers† October 22 is â€Å"National Day of Protest to Stop Police Brutality, Repression and Criminalization of an Entire Generation†. (Aol News). On October 22 many people across the country wear black to fight back against police brutality. Bad police have to be stopped so they don’t forget who they are serving – not themselves but the public. Police Brutality has caused a major concern in the United States. What is police brutality? It is the use of excessive and or unnecessary force by police when dealing with civilians. Excessive force means a force well beyond what is needed to handle the situation. According to Deborah C. England, â€Å"Police brutality affects not only its imm ediate victims, but can undermine the community trust in its police force†. (England). Police brutality is not only just use of force, it also includes forcing civilians to perform sexual favors in order to avoid a ticket or jail time for various infractions of law. â€Å"More than 920 people have been killed by the police in 2015. Black Americans are more than twice likely to be unarmed when killed. Excessive force is one of the most common forms of police misconduct. For every 1,000 people killed by police, only one officer is convicted.†Show MoreRelatedPolice Brutality And The United States Essay1408 Words   |  6 PagesPolice brutality in the United States has escalated in recent times. To develop a peaceful environment amongst human beings, one of the main topics to look at is human rights. While more often than not, police brutality violates the concept of human rights it is still a very important task to discuss the topic and create possible solutions to such a concerning and threatening issues in the United States. In this case, statistics is a very important factor that is required to display how serious ofRead MorePolice Brutality And The United States1479 Words   |  6 Pages Police Brutality in the United States University of Nebraska Kearney Colton Blankenship Abstract This research paper is an overview of police brutality in the United States. The paper covers what police brutality is and the definition. The information about police brutality is expanded about what is reasonable and excessive use of force an officer can use. Information is included about the thoughts of what the citizens feel about police brutality. Among the white andRead MorePolice Brutality And The United States1286 Words   |  6 PagesPolice brutality continues to be one of the most serious and contentious violations of human rights in the United States. The unreasonable amount of force used by police officers prevails because of a lack of accountability. This makes it feasible for officers who do violate human rights to get off clean and recommit the violation. A sad fact is that police and/or public officials deny time after time any claims of human rights violations, claiming it was an abnormality, when they should be takingRead MorePolice Brutality And The United States Essay1484 Words   |  6 PagesAssault Being a minority in the United States has never been easy and does not seem to be getting any better. Minorities have been exposed to violence by law enforcement for many decades. Law enforcement s are tasked with protecting and serving its citizens, not to harass and assault them. Police brutality is a continuous problem in the United States and officers need to be accountable for their actions. This research project will examine how police brutality often leads to death because of someRead MorePolice Brutality Of The United States1415 Words   |  6 PagesPolice Brutality Police abuse is one of the most violated human rights in the United States. Police are portrayed as heroes that stop bank robbers, stop kidnappings and catch murders, but as of recent year’s police actions have come into the public eye. While typically citizens worry about their safety from criminals, it also seems they have to keep an eye out for the people who are supposed to protect them from danger. Thousands of complaints about police brutality is reported each year, and seemsRead MorePolice Brutality And The United States1630 Words   |  7 Pages Police Brutality is an ongoing problem and existent concern in the United States and should be resolved immediately. Law enforcement must function as an element that consists of organized and civilized officers. The presence of police brutality is becoming more of an issue as society grows. The problem posed by the illegal exercise of police power is an ongoing reality for individuals of a disfavored race, class, or sexual orientation. Police brutality must be stopped so that police do not forgetRead MorePolice Brutality Of The United States2239 Words   |  9 PagesIntroduction Police brutality against minorities across the United States has become a huge topic of interest. There are multiple events where interactions with minorities have had a horrible outcome. Police brutality is defined as the use of excessive force against a civilian and has caught the attention of many in the past few decades. This paper will argue that law enforcement officers disproportionally target minorities as criminal suspects. Racial profiling takes place due to law enforcementRead MorePolice Brutality And The United States Essay1474 Words   |  6 PagesBeing a minority in the United States has never been easy and does not seem to be getting any better. Minorities have been exposed to violence by law enforcement for many decades. Law enforcement s are tasked with protecting and serving its citizens, not to harass and assault them. Police brutality is a continuous problem in the United States and officers need to be accountable for their actions. This research project will exa mine how police brutality often leads to death because of some officersRead MorePolice Brutality Of The United States Essay2135 Words   |  9 PagesThe United States is facing a continuous wide spread of police brutality from the past to today. TV Networks, newspapers/magazines, bloggers and forums are getting involved into the discussion about police brutality. After a father bought a toy gun for his son for his birthday, his son went outside to play and a police officer saw him with the gun not knowing it was a toy and shot him several times. This incident occurred in Sonoma County in October 2013. Something close to that happened in NovemberRead MorePolice Brutality Of The United States1376 Words   |  6 Pagesprominent at this time in social media and mainstream media is the presence of police brutality in the United States. Two instances in the news recently are the disputes that resulted in the deaths of Eric Garner and Michael Brown. On July 17, 2014, a plainclothes officer for the New York Police Department stopped Eric Garner on the street and attempted to take him into custody. After Garner resisted arrest, the police officer placed him in an apparent chokehold—a move that is banned by the NYPD

Melasma Essay example - 899 Words

Melasma is a skin disorder that appears as irregular brown skin patches on the cheeks, nose, forehead and upper lip. Melasma is not dangerous, but can impair your appearance, personality and self confidence. Various options of treatment are available and dermatologists found the melasma laser treatment to be effective of all. Causes of melasma: Melasma is caused due to an over production of melanin. Melanin is the substance that imparts color to the skin. The exact cause for this type of hyperpigmentation is not known. However, the main four factors that contribute to melasma are hormone, genetics, skin inflammation and sun exposure. Intense exposure to sun can worsen the problem. Pregnancy and menopause also can trigger melasma. It†¦show more content†¦The laser skin resurfacing treatment for melasma generally requires a single treatment session with a healing period of one week. It takes between 15 minutes to one hour for the whole process depending on the location and size of the damaged area. Melasma laser treatment is a better alternative for those where the other remedies have proved ineffective. Melasma laser resurfacing treatment is gaining popularity as it produces dramatic results with a short healing time. YAG laser treatment: The YAG laser imparts intense, short pulses of light. These light pulses are targeted to the melanin pigment in the cells that are affected by melasma. The surrounding skin is not affected with this melasma laser treatment. These treatments are given with topical lightening treatments to be used few weeks prior the laser treatments and also continued after the laser treatments. Intense Pulsed light treatment: In intense pulsed light (IPL) therapy, a hand laser is allowed to pass over the skin that targets the melanin. This form of melasma laser treatment works best on the epidermal melasma type. The light energy heats up the melanin cells and destroys them. Before going for IPL treatment for melasma, consult your doctor regarding your type of melasma and also determine whether IPL treatment is suitable for you. If you decide to undergo melasma laser treatment, then choose an experienced dermatologist for the treatment. Your doctorShow MoreRelatedTreatment Options That Work Melasma Is A Common Skin Condition That Causes Skin Discoloration On The Face1260 Words   |  6 PagesMelasma Treatment Options that Work Melasma is a common skin condition that causes skin discoloration on the face. Statistics from the American Academy of Dermatology show that the disease affects more than 6 million Americans. Of those afflicted by the condition, 90% are women. The number of products that have been manufactured to address the treatment of melasma is further evidence of how widespread the condition is. Sadly, the products make it appear as if treating melasma is easy; it is notRead MoreThe Effect Of Progesterone On The Oral Mucosa Of The Pregnant Woman886 Words   |  4 Pagesgreatest affected are those of the areola, genitals, thighs, and underarms; however a linea nigra, a vertical line along the gravid abdomen is experienced by some women. Women may experience darkening of freckles, scars, or melasma, also known as â€Å"mask of pregnancy†. Melasma is the irregular dappling of the skin commonly over the nose, chin, and cheeks that appears with pregnancy and typically fades within a year postpartum. Also common in pregnancy are stretch marks or striae gravidarum, mostRead MoreMicrodermabrasion712 Words   |  3 Pagescrystals that are blasted out onto the skin .At the same time, the machines vacuum system sucks away dirt, dead cells and used crystals. Through this procedure we can treat these skin disorders (skin problems) :   Sun induced pigmentation, melasma , age spots Whiteheads and blackheads Fine lines and minor wrinkles Enlarget clogged pores Flaking and dry skin Excessive oiliness Scar and callus reduction Blending lasered and non lasered areas after laser skin resurfacing Pre-tretmentRead MoreThe Effects of Sun Exposure to the Human Body1928 Words   |  8 Pageshas no cure. One example of hyperpigmentation comes in the form of what is sometimes known as â€Å"age spots.† These are brown spots that appear on the skin and trying to remove them is nearly imposable. Melasma is another form of hyperpigmentation, which occurs when a woman is hormonal. People with melasma are warned to hide from the sun because exposure to the ultraviolet rays will cause the pigment in the dermis of the skin to darken. Skin texture also changes in skin that has been over exposed to theRead MoreWomen Have the Burden of Birth Control1226 Words   |  5 PagesReproductive Organs and Breasts. Some other side effects of oral contraceptives are irregular vaginal bleeding or spotting, a change in vision while wearing contact lenses or not being able to wear contact lenses anymore, edema (fluid retention), melasma (darks spots on the skin), nausea and vomiting, a change in one’s appetite, headaches, nervousness, depression, dizziness, loss of scalp hair, rash and vaginal infections† (Detailed Patient Labeling Norgestmate And Ethinyl Estradiol Tablets USP 0Read MoreMost Effective Whitening Soap: Gluta or Kojic1717 Words   |  7 Pagesto lighten. Primarily produced in Asia, in countries like Japan and the Philippines, glutathione soap claims a number of skin benefits. Glutathione soap, besides lightening the pigment of the skin, also claims to reduce blemishes and dark spots, melasma, chloasma, hyper pigmentations freckles and acne scars, as well as return rosiness to the skin thats often associated with youth and vitality. Because glutathione has been called a master antioxidant, producers of glutathione soap also claim thatRead MoreThe Maintenance of Oral Health during Pregnancy 1868 Words   |  8 Pagesnon-emergency dental works are usually postponed until after the birth. Now, we will look into the oral-facial changes observed during pregnancy. Bilateral brown patches in the mid-face may appear during the first and third trimester. This is known as melasma and is seen in up to 73% of pregnant women (Geisinger et al., 2014). While the aetiology of this condition is unclear, it is believed to be related to an increase in the levels of estrogen and progesterone. About 50% of pregnant patientsRead MoreGuidelines For An Accurate Skin Analysis2271 Words   |  10 Pagesthe product instructions and manuals. 6. Pigmented : Varied skin colouration with either the absence of pigment or erratic pigmentation many causes, hormonal (menpause or puberty), photoaged, medication, medical conditions such as Vitiligo or Melasma. 7. Couperose : Characteristics are dilated and broken capillaries, the epidermis of the skin will be thin. 8. Damaged : There are multiple effects that damage the skin. Sun damaged (photoaged skin)skin pigmentation hyperpigmentation, hypopigmentationRead More5 Simple Steps Of A Healthy Pregnancy Essay2457 Words   |  10 Pagessebaceous glands, so that your skin may look brighter. For the same reason, acne is also common during pregnancy. Among other changes that pregnancy hormones generated in the skin are yellowish or brownish spots that appear on the face, which are called melasma, and a dark stripe running from the navel to the pubis, which known as linea nigra. Also, moles or freckles that you had before pregnancy may increase in size or become darker. Even the areola, the area around the nipple becomes darker. Stretch marks

Employment Legislation Affecting Recruitment Free Essays

ASSIGNMENT COVER SHEET Name:| Pancho Pablo Fernandes| Address:| PO Box, 491, Doha, Qatar| Post code / Zip:| 491| Telephone No:| 00974 55485261| Email Address:| pancho_fernandes@yahoo. com| Date:| 1 September 2012| Course Name:| Diploma in Human Resources| Tutor Name:| Ms. Kirsty Cousins| Assignment Name:| Recruitment and Selection| Assignment Title:Recruitment and Selection Unit Title:Examine employment legislation with regard to recruitment Course Title: Name:Pancho Pablo Fernandes Date:01 September 2012 Introduction In this assignment I will discuss the employment legislation in force that ensure fair manpower hiring protocol thereby safeguarding candidates from being discriminated on different grounds. We will write a custom essay sample on Employment Legislation Affecting Recruitment or any similar topic only for you Order Now The assignment task is: * Evaluate current employment legislation as it affects recruitment and selection of personnel Background Employers during the pre-industrialization era were more focused on having the most suitable manpower in terms of strength, color, ethnic background, gender, religion etc. Child labor was well practiced by employers with intention of saving on overheads. There was no concern for safety suitable working conditions due to inequality of bargaining power between employer worker. It was through rise and fall of Governments that created various acts outlawing discriminations most of which pertained to employment. Discriminations related acts have come into force mostly during the second half of the 19th century and till date undergo revisions / modifications thereby ensuring fair employment protocol. This assignment will share light on some important legislation concerning recruitment selection of workers. Analysis Most countries have a set up legal authority / body which monitors company’s recruitment practices. Employment discriminations can be direct or indirect. Direct discrimination is when a group of candidates are treated less favorably in comparison to another group. Indirect discrimination is when certain criteria is imposed which limits particular group/s of candidates from applying or being appointed for a job, such as built, height, weight. The Equality Act of 2010 (UK) protects discrimination of people under protected characteristics that include age, disability, gender, race, religion, marital status, pregnancy, sex sexual orientation. The evolvement of following acts defines legislations prohibiting discrimination while promoting equal opportunity and diversity to all; a. Gender – Gender discrimination is controlled by; i. Sex Discrimination Act of 1975 (UK): This act protected both men women from being discriminated on fronts of sex or marriage. ii. Employment Equality Regulation of 2003 – Sexual Orientation (UK): This act prohibited the employer to discriminate employees on sexual orientation. iii. Equality Act of 2010: Part of this act enables an employer to appoint / promote a candidate although he/she has equal merit that the other but is classified under the protected characteristics or is thought to suffer a disadvantage of being in such category. A positive action example would be a lady being offered a General Manager role in our organization instead of a male candidate, since the organization mostly awarded such roles to males. . Race / Religion – This discrimination is controlled by; i. Race Relations Act of 1963 (UK): This act prohibited discrimination on grounds of race, color, ethnical background / national origin. ii. Equality Act of 2010 – Part of this legislation defines the â€Å"Positive Action† clause that can be used by an employer to recruit. As an example, a Sri Lankan Muslim can didate could be recruited instead of a Filipino or Indian candidate since the company had most of its workforce from India (Hindus mostly) Philippines (Christians) c. Age – Age discrimination is controlled by; i. Employment Equality Regulation of 2006 – Age (UK): In addition to gender race discrimination; employers could not discriminate employees on grounds of age. However the Equality Act of 2010 has superseded this act. ii. Equality Act of 2010 – Part of this legislation defines the â€Å"Positive Discrimination† clause that can be used by an employer to recruit within certain age groups. Example: Since majority of our company’s office level workforce aged below 40, the next recruitment phase could set age criteria as + 40 years. d. Disability – The Disability Discrimination Act of 1995 (UK) was replaced by the Equality Act of 2010. One of its clauses describes that an employer cannot use discriminative questions to asses a candidate’s disability unless the candidate has to complete an exercise as part of the selection process. However, an employer can lawfully question the candidate, asking if he/she needed any reasonable adjustment to enable them perform at an exercise. Conclusion Employment legislations define guidelines for non-discrimination on basis of various factors such as ethnic background, disabilities, gender, age race. Most developed countries have its own employment legislation defined in a way that it covers most of its population. In the modern world, employers violating employment regulations can be penalized by the law. Sources of Information Internet Research 1. Wikipedia a) http://en. wikipedia. org/wiki/Employment_Equality_Regulations b) http://en. wikipedia. org/wiki/Employment_Non-Discrimination_Act c) http://en. wikipedia. org/wiki/Equal_Pay_Act_of_1963 d) http://en. wikipedia. org/wiki/Sex_Discrimination_Act_1975 e) http://en. wikipedia. rg/wiki/Race_Relations_Act_1976 2. http://www. homeoffice. gov. uk/publications/equalities/equality-act-publications/equality-act-guidance/employment-health-questions? view=Binary 3. http://www. homeoffice. gov. uk/publications/equalities/equality-act-publications/equality-act-guidance/positive-action-recruitment? view=Binary 4. http://www. homeoffice. gov. uk/publications/equalities/equality-act-publications/equality-act-guidance/positive-action-practi cal-guide? view=Binary 5. http://www. equalrightstrust. org/ertdocumentbank/bob%20hepple. pdf How to cite Employment Legislation Affecting Recruitment, Essay examples

Islam and Western Europe Essay Example

Islam and Western Europe Essay WHAP CH. 9 10 Reading Instructions: Copy this exam into a word document answer the questions. Email me your document. Due by 11:59 on 12/10 (Tuesday Night). Multiple Choice Identify the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question. C 1. Islam had roots in which set of religious or philosophical traditions? A) Hinduism, Buddhism, and Manichaeism B) Legalism, Daoism, and Confucianism C) Judaism, Christianity, and Zoroastrianism D) Sufism, Sikhism, and Greek rationalism D 2. In Western Europe from 1000 to 1300, power was divided among A) ords, vassals, and serfs. princes, warriors, and farmers. the pope, royal officials, and scholars. kings, nobles, and church leaders. D 3. What initiated the division within Islam between the Sunnis and Shias? A) Fear that Muslims in conquered lands were going native and abandoning Islamic teachings B) The imam Alis new revelation and elaboration of the teachings of Islam C) The belief that Husayn, the son of All, was the real messiah D) Disagreement over who should assume leadership in the Islamic world C 4. Which of the following statements expresses a view of women found in the Quran? A) Women were always to remain veiled and secluded. Women were solely to blame for the existence of evil in the world. C) Women were spiritually equal to men. Women were socially equal to men. B 5. Disagreement over which of the following contributed to the split between the Roman Catholic Church and the Eastern Orthodox Church? A) A church hierarchy of patriarchs, bishops, and priests Veneration of icons The missionary impulse The religious authority of the Bible B 6. We will write a custom essay sample on Islam and Western Europe specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Islam and Western Europe specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Islam and Western Europe specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer Which of the following is an example of the Byzantine Empires influence on Eurasia? A) Acceptance of Latin as the international language of diplomacy B) Transmission of ancient Greek learning to Western Europe and the Islamic world C) Control of the trade routes along the Silk Roads and across the Sahara D) Spread of Eastern Orthodox Christianity to North Africa and Central Asia D 7. In the eleventh century, the religious culture of the Byzantine Empire had a significant impact on A) the rulers of the Axum state in Ethiopia. the Nestorian church in China. e Roman Catholic Church in Western Europe. Slavic-speaking peoples in the Balkans and Russia. B 8. Which of the following characterizes the spread of Christianity throughout Western Europe from 500 to 1000? A) Christian missionaries destroyed pagan temples and idols. Earlier cultural practices were absorbed into the Christian tradition. C) The Church focused on converting people in the countryside. Coercion was never used because th e Church did not condone the use of force. B 9. Which of the following was a long-term impact of the Crusades in Europe? A) I ne crusades weakened slgnlTlcantly tne Innuence 0T lurKlc-speaKlng peoples In Islamic world. B) Spain, Sicily, and the Baltic region permanently Joined the world of Western Christendom. C) Animosity from the Crusades ended the flow of Muslim learning into Europe. D) People from the Middle East migrated to Europe in large numbers. C 10. Which of the following is an example ofa role assumed by the ulama? A) Rulers Warriors Judges Doctors A 11. During the period from 1000 to 1300, the rulers in which region held the least power? A) Western Europe The Byzantine Empire China Russia B 12. What advantage did the Byzantine Empire have that enabled it to survive as a political entity for a thousand years longer than the western part of the Roman Empire? A) Assimilation to Germanic culture More territory under its control A longer frontier A stronger military C 13. Besides Islam, which of the following was also a target of Western European crusaders? A) Protestantism Roman catnollclsm Eastern Orthodox Christianity Buddhism D 14. Why was the city of Mecca important? A) Jews, Christians, and Muslims all regarded it as the Holy Land. B) It was the only city in pre-lslamic Arabia that enjoyed a high degree of social equality. It was a crossroad for all the major long-distance trade routes. D) It was the site of the Kaaba where pilgrims congregated. In contrast to the spread of Buddhism and Christianity, the early spread B 15. of Islam A) occurred at a much slower pace. gave rise to a large empire. was limited to the immediate vicinity of its birthplace. was checked by surrounding older civilizations. B 16. Which of the following describes the relationship between politics and eligion in Western Europe from 500 to 1300? A) Rulers were appointed by the pope of the Catholic Church. Rulers provided protection for the Church in return for religious legitimacy. C) The ruler was the head of both the state and the Church. The pope was the head of both the state and the Church. A 17. The Arab Empire that accompanied the spread of Islam stretched from A) Spain to India. Mesoamerica to Madagascar. the Andes to the Himalayas. the Gulf of Mexico to the Red Sea. wnlcn 0T tne Tollowlng was period from 600 to 1 500? A) Anatolia West Africa India Southeast Asia tne most tnorougnly Islamlzea region In B 19. Sufi practitioners facilitated the conversion to Islam of people living in Anatolia and India by A) promoting the enforcement of the sharia by local Islamic rulers. B) emphasizing personal experience of the divine, rather than the law. C) initiating campaigns to close Christian and Hindu schools. freeing large numbers of slaves who agreed to convert. C 20. Which of the following religious traditions blended elements of Hinduism and Islam? A) Sunni Islam Shia Islam Sikhism Sufism

Elements of a State and Philippine Constitution Essay Essays

Elements of a State and Philippine Constitution Essay Essays Elements of a State and Philippine Constitution Essay Essay Elements of a State and Philippine Constitution Essay Essay State A community of individuals more or less legion. for good busying a definite part of district. independent of external control. and possessing an organized authorities to which the great organic structure of its dwellers render accustomed obeisance ( De Leon. 2000 ) . The Philippines is a province.Elementss of a State The first component of a province is the people. which is known to be the most indispensable and indispensable component of a province. This is the mass of the population. or the figure of people populating within the province. There is no specific figure of people required life within a province so that it could be called a province. The 2nd component is the district. which is the constituted country that justly belongs to the people of the province. This is the aerial ( air ) . tellurian ( land ) . fluvial ( stream/river ) . and maritime ( H2O ) domains of the province. The 3rd component is the authorities. which is the bureau to which the will of the province is expressed. created and administered. This is a group of people or establishments which run and rule the society. The 4th component is the sovereignty. which is known as the supreme power of the province to command and implement obeisance its will from the people. District Harmonizing to Article One. National Territory. of The 1987 Constitution of the Republic of the Philippines: â€Å"The national district comprises the Philippine archipelago. with all the islands and Waterss embraced therein. and all other districts over which the Philippines has sovereignty or legal power. consisting of its terrestrial. fluvial and aerial spheres. including its territorial sea. the ocean floor. the undersoil. the insular shelves. and other pigboat countries. The Waterss around. between. and linking the islands of the archipelago. regardless of their comprehensiveness and dimensions. organize portion of the internal Waterss of the Philippines. † This means that all the country that is encompassed by 185 kilometres ( 100 maritime stat mis ) from the Philippine shore. under the seabed even. is a district of the Philippines. This is sometimes besides known as the â€Å"Philippine Area of Responsibility† . a term used by PAG-ASA and other conditions bureaus to find for illustration. if a typhoon or a Low Pressure Area has entered our district. Fundamental law of the Philippines The fundamental law of the Philippines is the most of import portion of a province. The national district and all the cardinal laws- the set of regulations and principles- can be found here. The Constitution besides enunciates province rules and policies. Among the rules and policies embodied in the Fundamental law are: ( 1 ) Sovereignty of the people ; ( 2 ) Repudiation of war as an instrument of national policy ; ( 3 ) Domination of civilian authorization over the military ; ( 4 ) Service and protection of the people as the premier responsibility of the Government ; ( 5 ) Separation of Church and State ; ( 6 ) Guarantee of human rights ; ( 7 ) Separation of power among the assorted subdivisions of authoritiess ; and ( 8 ) Autonomy for local authorities units. One of the cardinal constituents of the Constitution is the Bill of Rights. which declares and enumerates the basic rights and autonomies of the people which the authorities ( or any individual ) is out to go against or infringe upon. Among the rights granted by the Fundamental law are: ( 1 ) Due procedure of jurisprudence and equal protection ; ( 2 ) Right against unreasonable hunt and ictus ; ( 3 ) Right of privateness ; ( 4 ) Freedom of address. of look. and of the imperativeness ; ( 5 ) Freedom of faith ; ( 6 ) Autonomy of residence and travel ; ( 7 ) Right to information on affairs of public concern ; ( 8 ) Right to organize associations for intents non contrary to jurisprudence ; ( 9 ) Right to a merely compensation when private belongings is taken for public usage ; ( 10 ) Right against damage of contract ; ( 11 ) Freedom of entree to the tribunals ; ( 12 ) Rights refering to individuals under probe ; ( 13 ) Right against inordinate bond ; ( 14 ) Rights of the accused in condemnable instances ; and ( 15 ) Right to speedy temperament of instances. It has been revised seven times. get downing from The 1899 Malolos Constitution. which was approved by so President Emilio Aguinaldo on December 23. 1898 and promulgated on January 21. 1899. and so the Philippine Organic Act of 1912 enacted into jurisprudence by the United States Congress on July 1. 1902. Next was The Jones Law of 1916. enacted into jurisprudence by the United States Congress on August29. 1916. followed by The 1935 Constitution. which was approved by the 1934 Constitutional Convention on February 8. 1935. certified by the President of the United States on March 25. 1935. and ratified by plebiscite on May 14. 1935. This was amended two times. on June 18 1940 and March 11. 1947. The 1943 Constitution. was approved by the Preparatory Committee on Philippine Independence on September 4. 1943 and ratified by the KALIBAPI convention on September 7. 1943. Following this is The 1973 Constitution. which was proclaimed in force by Proclamation by so President Ferdinand Marcos on January 17. 1973. This was amended three times. on October 16-17. 1976. January 30. 1980 and April 7. 1981. The present fundamental law. which is The 1987 Constitution. was foremost presented to so President Cory C. Aquino as The 1986 Freedom Constitution on October 15. 1986. This was approved by the Constitutional Commission on October 12. 1986. It was ratified by a plebiscite on February 2. 1987 and proclaimed in force by February 11. 1987. Mentions:Pacaway. J. ( 2014. July 4 ) . Filipino authorities with 1987 fundamental law. Retrieved from hypertext transfer protocol: //www. slideshare. net/anjanet2/philippine-government-with-1987-constitution Filipino Constitutions | Official Gazette of the Republic of the Philippines. ( n. d. ) . Retrieved from hypertext transfer protocol: //www. gov. ph/constitutions/ Salinas. S. ( 2013. December 16 ) . Concepts of province and authorities. Retrieved from hypertext transfer protocol: //www. slideshare. net/sarahsalinascatwoman/concepts-of-state-and-government-29249128 THE 1987 CONSTITUTION OF THE REPUBLIC OF THE PHILIPPINES – ARTICLE I | Official Gazette of the Republic of the Philippines. ( n. d. ) . Retrieved from hypertext transfer protocol: //www. gov. ph/constitutions/the-1987-constitution-of-the-republic-of-the-philippines/the-1987-constitution-of-the-republic-of-the-philippines-article-i/ The History and Evolution of the Philippine Constitution | Law | Jcmiras_03. ( 2014. August ) . Retrieved from hypertext transfer protocol: //www. pinoysites. org/jcm/item/12/ The Constitution of the Philippines: An Overview | Herald Digital Law Philippines. ( 2011. February 1 ) . Retrieved from hypertext transfer protocol: //philippineslaw. wordpress. com/2011/02/01/the-constitution-of-the-philippines-an-overview/

14 Incredibly Shocking Confessions from Nurses

14 Incredibly Shocking Confessions from Nurses Being a nurse is a tough job, but somebody has to do. When you’re dealing with hundreds of patients a day, you’ve got to develop a tough exterior and occasionally break the rules. Here are 14 confessions from nurses who went the â€Å"extra mile†.  Ã‚  Ã‚   [Source: Imgur]

War Scroll (1QM) Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

War Scroll (1QM) - Research Paper Example From the current discussion it can be comprehended that the War Scrolls were discovered with the other Qumran Scrolls. It is a manual that lays out military strategy and organization for a serious war that seems to be the final showdown of years of divergence amongst two different groups of people. These groups are indicated in the scrolls as the Sons of Light against the Sons of Darkness. From the point of view of researcher, the War Scrolls demonstrate the theoretical framework and conception of a group of people who belonged to the sect that hid the Qumran Scrolls in the cave. The author of the discussion infers this logically because at the time that the scrolls are dated (that is 50 BCE), Ancient Israel was under Roman Rule. Roman Rule was seen by many Jews of Ancient Israel as a rule perpetrated by people of an evil background. This is because many sources including the Christian New Testament indicate that the Jewish people of Ancient Israel had little regards for non-Jews. Th ey also saw the rule of Rome as some form of evil oppression that prevented Jews from carrying out the commandments in the Laws of Moses. So it appears that the scrolls meant the final wars and battles that would be fought between Israel and the Roman nation that would ultimately liberate Israel from its enemies. However, there are numerous interpretations that have various logical backings. Content Image 1.1 The War Scrolls 1QM: Courtesy of Hebrew University of Jerusalem The War Scrolls , 1QM is made up of 19 columns (Sukenik 1955, 1). It contains descriptions of the final showdown between the Sons of Light and the Sons of Darkness. Since the display is not very clear and easily understandable to the modern man (ie it is not in chapters and verses as we have it in the Bible of today), it is divided into columns for the purpose of analysis amongst modern day theologists and social scientists. Philip Davies (1977) identifies that the 1QM or War Scrolls is divided into four main Parts . Part 1 which includes Columns 2 to 9 of the scrolls. It is about the basic elements of the war and it gives a description of the organization of the armies of the wars and the composition of the various units of the war and its spiritual implications which is paralleled with the 12 Tribes of Israel and the protection of the Covenant between Israel and God. Part 2 of the 1QM gives a background to the conflict and explains it into more details and includes some liturgical elements that makes the war more of a religious one than a secular one. It covers columns 14 to 19. Part 3 covers columns 10 – 14 whilst Part 4 is about column 1 which predicts the eventual victory of the Sons of Light over the Sons of Darkness. The extract from Image 1.1 above echoes elements from Numbers 10:9 (Hebrew University of Jerusalem, 2011 paragraph 1). This indicates that the war is to be fought with the various elements of a fair war which are outlined in the Torah in Numbers 10 and repeated by Mo ses in Deuteronomy 20. This includes amongst other things, the fact that a religious war should be sanctioned with a special priest from the descendants of Aaron who are known amongst Jews today as the Kohanim. The 1QM scrolls indicate that a special Kohen has to declare certain things to the soldiers before a religious war is sanctioned. This implies that the Sons of Light are really involved in some elements of Jewish religious life. The Sons of Light in the Qumran Scrolls are referred to as Yahad (Qumran.org). Yahad has a strong

The Adventures of Tom Sawyer Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

The Adventures of Tom Sawyer - Essay Example Although Twain’s story is largely focused on the world from the perspective of little boys, he also gives the reader various insights into the adult world which runs parallel to it. The theme of superstition and religion may be seen throughout the narrative. Tom’s religious opinions and superstitions are compatible with each other and reflect adult society’s religious hypocrisy. Tom’s religious beliefs are very superficial. He names â€Å"David and Goliath† as two disciples (Twain, Ch.IV).   As it is compulsory to memorize five verses, Tom â€Å"chose part of the Sermon on the Mount, because he could find no verses that were shorter† (IV).   Sunday school is â€Å"a place that Tom hated with his whole heart (IV). Tom compares the boring church unfavorably with a circus, stating that â€Å"Church ain't shucks to a circus. There's things going on at a circus all the time† (VII). It is not his love of Scripture, but his love of glory , and his need to show-off in front of Bessie Thatcher, which leads him to barter his little knick-knacks for the colored tickets which earn him the prize of a Bible. Tom’s religious beliefs are compatible with superstitions. ... dead spirits, the only prayer Tom can manage is the bedtime â€Å"Now I lay me down to sleep.† When Injun Joe falsely accuse Muff Potter of murdering Dr. Robinson, Tom expects â€Å"God's lightening upon [Injun Joe's] head† as punishment† (XI). Tom and his friends say their prayers before sleeping on the pirate jaunt only because they fear â€Å"lest they might call down a sudden and special thunderbolt from heaven† (XIII). Tom’s religious beliefs are very alike superstitions. Tom’s life is filled with superstitions, which often dictate the course of his actions. An effective cure for warts ranges from â€Å"spunk-water† and charms, to split beans and blood. Of course, the efficacy of dead cats is the superstition which leads to the biggest of Tom’s adventures. Tom uses incantations to look for lost marbles. When the stairs creak at night, it is evidence that â€Å"spirits were abroad† (IX). An oath is to be sworn in blood for it to be binding. A dog howling is a sign of approaching death. Buried treasure is to be found under a tree when â€Å"the shadow of the limb falls at midnight, a guarded by a dead man† (XXV). Witches have no power in the daytime and Fridays are unlucky days. Here again, the boys meld religion and superstition. Old Mother Hopkins bewitches people by â€Å"saying the Lord's Prayer backards† (VI). The holiness of the Sabbath ensures that â€Å"Devils don't slosh around much of a Sunday, I don't reckon† (VI). Finally, it is clear that Tom’s superstitions serve the main purpose of making life more interesting and banishing the boredom of daily routine. When Huck tires of life with the Widow Douglas, Tom prevents him from running away by promising adventures as part of his gang of â€Å"respectable† robbers. It is the anticipation of an initiation

Conformity in the 1950s Essay -- American Culture History Conformity E

Conformity in the 1950s During the post WWII period in America, the face of the nation changed greatly under the presidency of Truman and Eisenhower. America underwent another era of good feelings as they thought themselves undefeatable and superior over the rest of the world. Communism was the American enemy and American sought to rid the world of it. Because of the extreme paranoia caused by Communism, conformity became an ideal way to distinguish American Culture from the rest. Conformity became a part of every American Life to a large extent. It became evident through the medium of culture, society and politics throughout the era of the 50s. When WWII ended, Americans were left in the hands of Harry Truman. Known as an aggressive Cold War fighter, he led Americans against...

Governmental and Non Profit Essay

1. Certain core services are provided by most general purpose governments – those related to the protection of life and property, public works, parks and recreation facilities, and cultural and social services. Governments must also incur costs for general administrative support of its service departments. Core governmental services, together with general administrative support, comprise the major part of what GASB refers to as governmental activities. The measurement focus and basis of accounting for these activities is on the flow of current financial resources on the modified accrual basis in the governmental funds and on the flow of economic resources on the accrual basis in the Governmental Activities column of the government-wide financial statements. 2. The business-type activities of a government include public utilities, transportation systems, toll road and bridges, hospitals, parking garages and lots, liquor stores, golf courses, airports, and swimming pools, among other activities. Many of thses activities are intended to be self-supporting by charging users for the services they receive. Focusing financial reporting on economic resources recognized on the accrual basis of accounting allows the government to determine whether charges for services are sufficient to cover the full cost of the activity. This measurement focus and basis of accounting allows the government to determine whether charges for services are sufficient to cover the full cost of the activity. This measurement focus and basis of accounting is the same used for reporting governmental activities in the government-wide financial statements, but quite different from the current financial resources measurement focus and modified accrual basis of accounting use d in the governmental funds. 3. Fiduciary activities of a government involve the government’s discharge of its fiduciary responsibilities, either as an agent or trustee, for parties outside the government. For example, a government may serve as agent for other governments in the administering and collecting of taxes. Fiduciary activities are accounted for in agency funds, investment trust funds, pension trust funds, and private-purpose trust funds. Fiduciary activities are reported only in the fund financial statements and not in the government-wide financial statements because these resources belong to external parties, not the government. Fiduciary funds use accrual accounting and focus on economic resources, as do business-type activities. However, reporting for fiduciary activities differs from that for governmental funds since the latter funds focus primarily on the budget and current financial resources. 4. The three categories of funds are governmental, proprietary, and fiduciary. The fund types included in each category are the following: Governmental (general fund, special revenue funds, debt service funds, capital projects funds, and permanent funds), Proprietary (enterprise funds and internal service funds) and Fiduciary (agency funds, investment trust funds, pension trust funds, and private-purpose trust funds.) These categories correspond the three activity categories with the exception that financial information for internal service funds is generally reported in the governmental activities column of the government-wide financial statements. However, if an internal service fund predominantly serves an enterprise fund, its financial information is reported in the Business-type Activities column. 5. As a fiscal entity, a fund has its own resources and can incur liabilities to be repair from the fund resources. As an accounting entity, the fund has its own self-balancing set of accounts. 6. Governmental funds focus on the flow of current financial resources. Consequently, these funds use the modified accrual basis of accounting. Under modified accrual revenues are recognized if the inflow is measurable and available to pay current period obligations. Expenditures are recognized as incurred if they will be paid from available resources.

Lucille Balls Feminism in The Lucy Show

Sitcom Title: The Lucy Show Years Aired: 1962–1968 Stars: Lucille Ball, Vivian Vance, Gale Gordon, Mary Jane Croft, many celebrities who guest-starred as themselves Feminist focus? Women, particularly Lucille Ball, can tell a complete story without husbands. The feminism in The Lucy Show comes from the fact that it was a sitcom focused on a woman, and that woman didnt always act in ways considered ladylike.  Lucille Ball played a widow, Lucy Carmichael, and Vivian Vance, for part of the show’s run, played her divorced best friend, Vivian Bagley. Notably, the main characters were women without husbands. Sure, the male characters included a banker in charge of Lucy’s trust fund and a recurring-role boyfriend, but shows that revolved around a woman without a husband were not common before The Lucy Show. Who Loves Lucy This Time? Lucille Ball was already a famous, extremely talented actress and comedian when The Lucy Show began. During the 1950s she had starred with then-husband Desi Arnaz on I Love Lucy, one of the most popular TV shows of all time, where she and Vivian Vance engaged in countless antics as Lucy and Ethel. In the 1960s, the comic duo reunited on The Lucy Show as Lucy and Vivian. Vivian was the first long-running divorced woman on primetime television. The original title of the series was to be  The Lucille Ball Show, but that was rejected by CBS.  Vivian Vance insisted that her character name be Vivian, tried of being called Ethel from her time with  I Love Lucy. Not a World Without Men Finding a little feminism in The Lucy Show does not mean there were no men. Lucy and Vivian did interact with plenty of male characters, including men they dated. However, the 1960s were an interesting time in TV history—a decade that saw inventive plot lines, experimentation outside the nuclear family model and the shift from black and white to color TV, among other developments. Here was Lucille Ball, proving again that a woman could carry a show. Gone were the I Love Lucy plots that so often revolved around tricking or hiding something from the husbands. Successful Women The Lucy Show was a top-ten ratings success as the women brought laughs to millions. Years later, Lucille Ball was asked why newer sitcoms weren’t as good as her classic sitcoms, despite a wider range of material. Lucille Ball answered that they were trying to make comedy out of reality—and who would want to listen to that?† While she may have rejected abortion and social unrest as sitcom material, Lucille Ball in many ways IS the feminism of The Lucy Show. She was a powerful woman in Hollywood who could do anything she wanted, for years, and who responded to the women’s liberation movement with a voice and viewpoint that were unique, decidedly brave and already liberated. Production Company and Series Evolution Desi Arnaz, Lucille Balls husband until 1960, ran Desilu Productions until 1963 when Ball bought his shares and became the first female CEO of any major television production corporation.   Arnaz, despite the divorce, was instrumental in talking the networks into taking on the new show.  Arnaz was the executive producer of fifteen of the first thirty episodes. In 1963, Arnaz resigned as head of Desilu Productions. Lucille Ball became President of the company, and Arnaz was also replaced as executive producer of  The Lucy Show.  Ã‚  The show was filmed the next season in color rather than black and white, though it was broadcast in black and white until 1965.  Cast changes introduced Gale Gordon and lost several male characters. (Gale Gordon had appeared on radio with Lucille Ball in a show  My Favorite Husband  that evolved into  I Love Lucy, and had been offered the role on  I Love Lucy  of Fred Mertz.) In 1965, differences over pay, commuting, and creative control led to a split between Lucille Ball and Vivian Vance, and Vance left the series.  She appeared at the end of the run for some guest appearances. By 1966, the children of Lucy Carmichael, her trust fund, and much of the previous history of the show had disappeared, and she played the part as a Los Angeles based single woman.  When Vivian returned as a married woman for a few guest appearances, their children were not mentioned. Lucille Ball founded Lucille Ball Productions in 1967, during the life of  The Lucy Show.  Ã‚  Her new husband, Gary Morton, was executive producer of  The Lucy Show  from 1967 on. Even the sixth season of the show was very popular, ranked #2 in the Nielsen ratings. She ended the series after the sixth season, and began a new show,  Heres Lucy, with her children Lucie Arnaz and Desi Arnaz, Jr., playing key roles. Pregnancy on Television Lucille Ball, in her original series I Love Lucy  (1951–1957) with her husband Desi Arnaz, had broken ground when, against the advice of the television network and ad agencies, her real-life pregnancy was integrated into the show.  For the seven episodes with her pregnant, the censorship code of the time forbid the use of the term pregnant and instead permitted expecting  (or, in Desis Cuban accent, spectin).

Analysis Of Emily Dickinson s Poem, The Insane And The Sane

Emily Dickinson Poem #428 This poem talks to the mentally ill. It reminds those living with a psychological disorder that their lives and thinking are valuable. Thus, imagination and enjoyment should not be constrained by the stigma of having a different worldview. Moreover, it uses metaphors to connect both world: the insane and the sane. The opening, â€Å"We Grow accustomed to the Dark.† In this, I found a sense of friendliness with the mentally ill. It uses â€Å"dark† as a metaphor for the insane to contrast with the light which is sanity. In other words, Dickinson, creates a contrast between two scenarios: one that I will call sun and the other moon. They refer to day and evening respectively. Furthermore, this analogy of light and darkness serves as a comparison to the natural transition of the day. First, the sun rises and later the sun sets to allow the moon illuminates the night. In doing so, the poem acquires a transcendentalist aspect not explicitly stated. There is a nature reference embedded into the poetry whereas mental disorder is influenced by. A rationale behind it could be that â€Å"accustomed to the Dark† translates into I enjoy being in my room where light does not bother me. It is the speaker’s habituation to stay home and not to socialize outside the boundary of it. Thus, it is a story of confinement reproduced into poetry. More specifically, I would like to analyze â€Å"We.† The speaker chooses to start in the first person plural as a way to include the readerShow MoreRelated Analysis of Much Madness is Divinest Sense by Emily Dickinson941 Words   |  4 PagesIn Much Madness is divinest Sense (435), a definition poem, Emily Dickinson criticizes societys inability to accept rebellion, arguing that the majority is the side that should in fact be considered mad. The perception of madness and insanity are a common theme among Dickinsons poetry, as she fought against societys tainted view of herself as crazy. She focuses on how judgmental society is on non conformist views when she describes the majority as discerning (line 2). As similar to mostRead MoreLogical Reasoning189930 Words   |  760 Pageslooking at alternative actions that can be taken, then considering the probable good consequences of each action and the probable bad consequences while weighing the positive and negative impact of each consequence. It’s a kind of cost-benefit analysis. Exercises 1. Columbus Day is an American holiday. Write a short essay that weighs the pros and cons and then comes to a decision about whether there should be more or less public celebration (by Americans and their institutions) on Columbus

Rhetorical Analysis on Deborah Tannens Argument Culture

A Move towards Better Communication Deborah Tannen graduated from The University of California, Berkely, M.A. in 1979 with her PHD in Linguistics. She is a professor of linguistics at Georgetown University. Tannen has written many books where she applies her theory of Linguistics to everyday situations. Some of her books are: That’s Not What I Meant!: How Conversational Style Makes or Breaks Relationship (1986), Talking from 9 to 5: How Women’s and Men’s Conversational Styles Affect Who Gets Heard (1994), The Argument Culture: Moving from Debate to Dialogue(1998), and I Only Say This Because I Love You (2001). In an essay from the book, The Argument Culture: Moving from Debate to Dialouge, Tannen†¦show more content†¦Not to make them change, but to think about the way you handle a conflict. There is one point in the essay that Tannen goes off in a different direction and loses your attention. She goes from talking about high-tech communication pulling us apart to road rage. She stat ed â€Å"Road rage† shows how dangerous the argument culture-and especially today’s technologically enhanced aggression-can be.† (406) I had a hard time seeing the relationship between the â€Å"Road rage† and technology. Though road rage is definitely dangerous, I did not feel that this was relevant at this point in the essay. Tannen’s intended audience for this essay is the society as a whole; she is addressing each and every one of us. At some time or another in our life we have come upon a situation where we have to decide whether we fight for our own beliefs and opinions or if we let someone else shape the way that we feel. Should we go to â€Å"war† with them?, no, but we should stand up for what we believe in. In this essay this is what Tannen is attempting to get across though she wants you to look at â€Å"all sides† of the problem and just not the main two. The wording of this essay was easy to follow; she for the mos t part keeps on track with her thoughts. She transitions from one example to another very well and breaks her different thoughts into separate parts. The sentences are well written they were not long, but were long enough to get the point across. The

Desdemona Free Essays

I want you to go back in time many years ago, the 16th century in Shakespeare’s time where there was hardly any technology and the society was very different. Now If that’s hard to imagine that’s ok because I’m an actor in the 21st century hear to talk to you about Desdemona. Desdemona was a beautiful, young, white Venetian girl but also she disobeys her father’s expectations by marrying a black man, she also challenges the society that largely disapproves of intercultural marriages and also she gets abused by her husband. We will write a custom essay sample on Desdemona or any similar topic only for you Order Now In this way, Desdemona’s relationship with Othello speaks to the play’s concerns with the 16th century attitudes about Lust, Defying social standards of the 16th century and also domestic violence. For example in the play it shows this by Othello saying â€Å"She loved me for the dangers I have passed, and I loved her, that she did pity them. † This is an example of a foreshadowing technique used to hint readers a certain plot development that will come later in the story. Also this quote is telling us that this is ardent admiration, which tells us that Desdemona is still not matured. To think about her future and what society’s expectations are. She admired the stories that Othello told about his brave journeys. In nowadays young teenagers are not drawn by personality but by looks and popularity. Also, Desdemona disobeys her father’s wish by refusing to marry any handsome, rich Venetian men and she goes for Othello an old black man, outside of the Venetian society. For example her farther says. â€Å"Look to her, Moor, if though hast eyes to see, She has deceived her farther, and may thee. † This shows that Desdemona is a disloyal character and may disobey her husband as well, she also goes against the societies expectations by defying standards such as not owing the duty to her farther and then a duty to her husband. Also Intercultural marriages where she marries a black man rather than a white man. In modern societies most young people disobey their parents and follow their own will due to their immaturity. Desdemona gets verbally and physically abused by Othello who slapped her and called her a whore in public towards the end of the play, when she was dying she still blames herself for othello’s physical and emotional abuses. In current situations people all around the world especially women get abused by men and usual, stand up for their husbands exactly what Desdemona did back then. Well, there you go even if this plays were written in the 16th century even in today’s time we still have the themes lust, domestic violence and societies expectations in today’s time. It’s easy for us to engage with the character’s in that timeframe due to the setting , the characters are realistic and believable and even this themes are considered in today’s society in different concepts. How to cite Desdemona, Papers

Catcher In The Rye Essay Thesis Example For Students

Catcher In The Rye Essay Thesis he book A Farewell to Arms, written by Ernest Hemingway, is a classic about the love story of a nurse and a war ridden soldier. The story starts as Frederick Henry is serving in the Italian Army. He meets his future love in the hospital that he gets put in for various reasons. I thought that A Farewell to Arms was a good book because of the symbolism, the exciting plot, and the constant moving of the main character. The symbolism in A Farewell to Arms is very much apparent. Ernest Hemingway has always been one who is big on the symbolism of night as being bad. To the main character in Hemingways novels, nights have always been a sign of death, or something negative to happen. Another one of the symbolisms in A Farewell to Arms is when Henry tries to escape from the Italian army by jumping off one of the ships the army was traveling on and running away from the army. This symbolism was the water that he jumped into was a symbolism of the new, clean life that he was going to live from now on. At this time, Henry goes off and finds his wife to be. And his job, as he felt, was to protect them in their innocents; of which I will talk about in my second theme. The first example that stands out in my mind is the scene with Stradlater in the can. If you remember Stradlater was getting ready for his other date while Holden watched him. Stradlater was a secret slob in public he always looked good and got all the girls but in fact he was a slob. His razor that made him look so good was rusty as hell and full on lather and hair and crap. This proves that he is a slob to never clean it or anything. If you think about it thats even worst than Old Ackley. At least Ackley knew that he had a problem, that he need to do something about his face; but Stradlater thought that he was a great guy. He actually thought that there was nothing wrong with never washing his razor. I think that what mad, Holden so made Stradlater was perpetrating in other word being phony every time he went out all GQ after using that filthy razor. Another instance is when he calls that girl in New York, Faith Cavendish, that Eddie Birdsell had brought to a dance at Princeton. Anyway he called her and she almost went off until Holden drooped Eddies name. Then all of a sudden she was getting friendly as hell. The same person said if you think I enjoy bein woke up in the middle- was getting an english accent all of a sudden. I think Holden caught her with her facade down. When she first picked up the phone she was mad as anybody else would be in her shoes. But as soon as she processed Eddie Birdsell from Princeton she became so amicable. She most of thought that a friend of Eddie, from Princeton, most have been rich or at lest well off. Faith was all ready to hook up with him for a date until she asked Where ya callin from? Where ya at now, anyways? And in a phone booth was the wrong answer. When he said that she new he had no money and from that point on she had no time to meet up any more. This is a good example of the phoniest that Holden will talk about all through book. Oh and one I almost missed it is a little before the conversation with Faith it is a very important event. When J.D. Salinger had Holden look about of the window I think it was a big simile, of which I think about more in theme number 3, of the theme of the book. Im sure Holden didnt ride all the way to New York to pick a run down hotel. So I take it when he drove up it probably looked good on the outside. He even took it off referring to the red hunting hat before I checked inI didnt want to look like a screwball or something. So we can assume it was nice, or at lest on the outside. Salinger even throw Holden foreshadowed a little in the line I didnt know then that the goddam hotel was full of perverts and morons. The first guy he saw out his room window took out all these womens clothes, and put them on. Then he started walking around like a women, smoking a cigarette, and looking in the mirror. And now I guest I have to take back my sentence about transvestites in the opening paragraph. Second he saw a couple squiring water and they were in hysterics the whole time, a little strange. You see the outside of the hotel represents what society is or tries to be, all nice and neat. And the people acting silly in the rooms are what we a really like. Im not saying we are all perverts but we all have two different personalities; one outside and one inside closed doors. Since Im will into the second page and its past my bed time or at lest it feels like it is this is the last one for this theme. The one I had in mind is the one the date he had with Sally. From the jump she was phony. Holden had already talked to her dad and told him how it was, but she still asked how it was. Holden when call her quite a little phony, she even sounded phony through the book with lines like Id love to grand. And when they got through with the play on the Lunts it didnt get any better. They ran into this guy that Sally knew and both of their phoniest began to shine. How does Shakespeare's Richard II put politics on Essay This is symbolic of the love he had and still has for his little brother; he even quotes latter that you dont stop loving someone because they die proving that he still cares for him. He may even think he had something to do with his death or he caused it. Sometimes little kids think stuff like that. Holden also says that I cant make a real fist any more-not a tight one. If his fist represents his love for his brother or his heart than maybe he cant love again. When he meet up with Sally he said he felt like marring her than he discards it by saying I dont even like her much. Holden is afraid to love again because of the way his heart and fist was broken by Allie. Another symbol is his own sister Phoebe. First you must understand that Phoebe came from the Greek word meaning Sun. Holden is lost in the world and feels that everything is phony. Phoebe is his symbol of hope in the world. All Holden needs is hope. Just as the sun comes out and shines its beautiful color and truth to the world to nurrshish and feed the plant; so did Phoebe come with her innocent hands saving Holden from the world. The first thing I did when I got off at Penn station, I went into this phone booth. Holden first started to call his brother but then he thought of his sitter Phoebe, then he whet on about her and how she wouldnt mind being woke up. All through the book he will think about call and eventually sneak home just to see her. This shows he sees her as his only light in this world of phonies hint the name Phoebe Greek for sun. I read a very interesting point in a book review about The Catcher in the Rye that explains the Holden behavior all through the book. In short it said his activities describes a developing nervous breakdown. And if you think of the symptoms you would a agree. Unexplained depression, show countless time in the story as I felt depressed as hell. And the why that Salinger keep using the world depressed, not bad or mellow but depressed he may have been hinting at it. Impulsive spending, that is obvious through the fact he only had 3 dollars and some change after just 2 days in New York. Erratic behavior, example is Holden just jumping up and put Stradlater in a half Nelson. All of this is prior to his eventual nervous collapse. This book has been a joy to read. Holden was very funny at times especially when he called Sally to ask her about trim a tree for Christmas. Salinger is ether a great writer or he just lucked up this good of a story. Sometimes I wonder if the author of books always think as deep as the reader. I mean do authors read a commentary over a book they wrote and say, hmm I didnt think of that. Writers like Edgar Allen are obvious that they have a deeper meaning. But with Salinger its hard to tell if this is a simple story of a boy rebelling or is it a great big metaphor for the world and how we are. Now if you ask him I,m sure he would say oh thats what meant exactly, and he might as well have meant that; but who is to say.Catcher In The Rye: Holdens Breif Happiness Abbreviated Happiness After Holden Caulfield returns to his native New York and rents a room in a sleezy hotel, he makes a date with Sally Hayes. Before this date, Holden finds himself wanderin the streets of the naked city. He is feeling depressed and finds himself on Broadway trying to purchase a record for his sister. After making this purchase, Holden notices a poor family walking in front of him. This unit is composed of a father, mother, and little kid. Holden notices the child who is walking in a straight line in the street and humming a tune to himself. Holden approaches him to determine the tune he is singing. This tune is If a Body Catch a Body Coming Through the Rye. Holden finds it amusing that the child is strutting quite literally on Broadway and is so care-free. He notices cars screeching and honking all over the place, and yet the child proceeds. The childs happy disposition seems encourage Holdens on vitality. It gripped Holden that the child was singing with a pretty little voicejust for the hell of it and brightened him up. A deeper interpertation of this scene would dictate that the child represents Holdens own personality and life. Holden is defenatley singing his own tune just for the hell of it and like the child, seems to have no regard for his own well-being. At this point, Holden may see a side in himself that is care-free and this lightens his depression.

How does Shakespeare build up the contrast between love and hate in Act 1 scene 5 Essay Example

How does Shakespeare build up the contrast  between love and hate in Act 1 scene 5 Paper The play Romeo and Juliet is about the relationship between two young people who are from feuding families. The two lovers are basically doomed from the start, as we can see from the title of the prologue The tragedy of Romeo and Juliet. Tragedy tells us that it the story will end in disaster, which it does. The prologue gives us an outline of the story telling us a brief history of the two families and what happens to Romeo and Juliet. The first few lines tell us about Two households alike in dignity. Dignity shows us that the two families are dignified, and probably have a good reputation in the city.We also see that they are very alike. Despite the families high standard, their mutiny is an act of rebellion against the prince; their fighting could put the whole city of Verona in danger. After telling us about the two families, the prologue then tells us about the fate of Romeo and Juliet. They were both born from the fatal loins of their parents, loins meaning the reproductive ar ea and fatal meaning anything made from them is doomed. This shows an idea of fate; as soon as they are born they are destined to die.The lovers are described as star crossed, their destiny is all planned out for them. Star crossed has probably got something to do with astrology, something people believed strongly in during Shakespeares time, because people believed that if stars or plants crossed each others path it meant good or bad things would happen. The whole reason why they die is because of their parents strife, the parents hold the grudge against each other strongly, hence the word strife, but Romeo and Juliet dont care about it, they bury their parents strife. On reading the prologue, the audiences will feel that because of the feud the story will end in tragedy as a result.Act 1 scene 5 is important in the play because this is when Romeo and Juliet first see each other and instantly fall in love. To contrast this, it is also where they will see Tybalt at his most furious and threatening. The audience will have a feeling something bad will happen in the scene because Romeo is unwelcome at the ball as a Montague. Romeos premonition of something bad happening will be proved right because of him gate crashing, as we can see from Tybalts anger. Romeos presence at the ball is obviously going to cause trouble, and him wanting to see a Capulet girl wont help much either, Romeo flirting with Juliet increases Tybalts determination to get revenge on RomeoAct 1 scene 5 is all set in the Capulet house, during a ball, so Shakespeare had to create an appropriate atmosphere for it. The atmosphere he creates is jovial, exciting and happy. The constant bustle of the servants creates a fast paced, exciting atmosphere. Wheres Potpan, that he helps not to take away? this develops the idea of the servants bustling about. The atmosphere is made welcoming by Capulet greeting them in a friendly manner, Welcome gentlemen! this make the guests feel accepted and protected in C apulets hands. The audience may feel anxious about the friendly atmosphere suddenly turning sour because of Tybalts reaction to Romeos arrival. The atmosphere is quickly brought back down to stable by Capulet, as he stops Tybalt doing anything brash as he wants his ball to go well.In lines 43-52 Romeo sees Juliet for the first time, and her beauty overwhelms him. He describes Juliet as something extremely precious and bright, that her beauty makes her stand out from the rest of the crowd. Romeo says a list of contrasts which describe her, a rich jewel in an Ethiops ear being one of them. This gives the audience an image of a bright jewel against a black persons skin. This develops the idea of light against dark. This makes Juliet seem like an extraordinary person who stands out well against the mundane crowd.In lines 53-91 Tybalt has just noticed Romeos presence and in return he is furious. He could recognize the masked Romeo because of his typical Montague way of talking in rhyme, as we can see from This, by his voice, should be a Montague. So obviously Tybalt has grown accustomed to the Montagues way of speaking. Tybalts reaction is, again, impulsive and violent, Fetch me my rapier, boy. Tybalt instantly wants to fight, despite all the guests and the chance of ruining his uncles ball. Tybalt thinks the only reason Romeo has came to the ball is to mock the Capulets efforts, this fuels his hatred for Romeo, urging him on to fight. Tybalt uses words which show hate, like villain many times. This shows he thinks Romeo an enemy. This contrasts with Romeos little speech, as he used words that showed love and affection, Tybalts words show hate and loathing.Capulet isnt too happy with Romeos arrival at the ball, but he still doesnt let Tybalt fight him. He tells Tybalt to calm himself down and leave Romeo alone. He goes on to say that Verona brags of him and he is a well governed youth. This suggests that Capulet is not automatically assuming that Romeo is bad, and is giving him the benefit of the doubt. Capulet is acting like this because he doesnt want his ball ruined by a fight, or maybe because he is feeling very friendly. Also, the Montagues are his guests, so he has a duty to protect them anyway. Capulet starts to get angry about arguing with Tybalt, he starts to talk in a hushed voice, -You are a princox go: be quiet or- he is about to threaten Tybalt, showing that he can be just as angry as Tybalt can get, but he still has to attend to his guests.When Tybalt has stopped arguing with Capulet, he storms off threatening Romeo. He says that the intrusion that presently seems so sweet and innocent shall develop into bitterest gall, a strong hatred. Tybalt is saying that because he cannot avenge Romeos intrusion, at the moment, he will get him in the future with a lot more brutality. Tybalt has made the atmosphere very uneasy and the audience may feel a strong hatred linger.After this the play goes back to Romeo and Juliet, so the mood is sw itched back to love from hate. The two lovers are talking to each other in a sonnet. A sonnet is very appropriate in this section, because sonnets were a popular way of writing poetry about love. The lovers may or may not be aware that they are talking in a sonnet, but either way it shows love. Romeo speaks the first quatrain using imagery to describe his and Juliets hand as pilgrims worshipping at a shrine. He flatters her by saying that his unworthiest hand is profaning her hand, the holy shrine, so his lips, the two blushing pilgrims are ready to soften the roughness with a tender kiss.Romeo is hinting that he wants to kiss her hand. Juliet says in her reply, the second quatrain, that Romeos hand shows proper devotion in what is doing, and saints have hands that pilgrims hands do touch, she is suggesting that they hold hands instead of kissing straight away. She also says palm to palm is holy palmers kiss; she might be saying that it will still be like a kiss if they just hold ha nds. Romeo and Juliet then share the third quatrain. Romeo starts by asking if saints have lips as well as palmers, again developing the idea of Romeo wanting to kiss her, but this time on the lips. Juliet says they do have lips, lips they must use in prayer. Romeo cleverly turns this into a reason to kiss her, by saying let lips do what hands do! meaning hands touch when they pray, so their lips should touch. So Romeo kisses Juliet on the lips, and they are about to start another sonnet, but the nurse needs to talk with Juliet.The nurse tells Juliet that her mothers craves a word with her. Romeo is curious, about this, so he asks What is her mother? This is when reality breaks in on Romeo and drags him out of his happiness, the nurse replies Her mother is the lady of the house, so she is Lady Capulet, therefore Juliet is a Capulet, his enemy. Romeo has a very shocked reaction to this, he says his life is my foes debt, he thinks that he owes his life to his enemy, who is also his lo ver.Act 1 scene 5 is extremely important in the play because it is the main point of Romeo and Juliets relationship. It is also important because it is the starting point of Tybalts vengeance seeking with the Montages that will result in two deaths, Mercutios and his own. The contrast Shakespeare has built up is very strong, with the sensitive, gentle love between Romeo and Juliet, and the strong hatred from Tybalt. This scene sets out what will happen later on the play, the strong feelings of love and hate and the deaths, and the tragedy of Romeo and Juliet.

West Side Story Essays

West Side Story Essays West Side Story Essay West Side Story Essay Essay Topic: A Dolls House The Winters Tale We Real Cool In the context of 1960s, chain gangs and gang wars are prevalent between Latin and White American adolescents. For the reason that the White American adolescents despise and discriminate against the Latin Americans (particularly the Puerto Rican race), the Whites resort to bully the minorities and they even ostracize the Latin Americans by depriving them of their rights to use recreation places like the street’s basketball court, food houses, and the like upon believing that the White Americans are the most superior and the better race than the Latin Americans; and in so doing, the White Americans perceive and believe that should not mingle with those inferior and minority race (such that of the Latin Americans as an example) who were different from them (Brian 2005). Moreover, in this movie directed in 1961 by Jerome Robbins Robert Wise entitled: West Side Story, the conflict between the two opposing races namely the White and the Latin Americans was further described throug h presentation of some prevailing scenarios that the Latin Americans unjust encounter and experience with the White Americans.BodyThe West Side Story is a movie adapted from Broadway’s musicale. It was an adaptation of the infamous Shakespearean play, Romeo and Juliet (UAPI 2009). Starred by Natalie Wood as â€Å"Maria,† Richard Beymer as â€Å"Tony,† and George Chakiris as â€Å"Bernardo,† the rest of supporting characters of the film includes: Russ Tamblyn as â€Å"Riff,† Rita Moreno as â€Å"Anita,† Simon Oakland as â€Å"Lieutenant Schrank,† Ned Glass as whom they call â€Å"Doc,† William Bramley (as the notorious police of the street) named, â€Å"Officer Krupke,† Tucker Smith as â€Å"Ice,† Tony Mordente as â€Å"Action,† Eliot Feld as the â€Å"Baby John,† and lastly, David Winters, as the one who portrayed the character of â€Å"A-Rab (Shulman 1961).†The Plot of the West Side StoryThe Movie West Side Story was depicted in the life of the citizens of the White and Latin Americans living in the 1950’s in Manhattan streets of the United States. A division was clearly evident as it was created and recognized by the adolescents of the east coast and west coast of Manhattan. The setting begins in the mentioned streets of Manhattan as a self-gratifying and self-centered musical song was sung by the Jets (the name for the White Americans’ gang and clique). Throughout the song sung by the Jets, the Puerto Ricans/Latin American adolescent gang led by Bernardo were discriminated and ostracized. First instance was when a fruit held by one of the Sharks (the name of the Latin adolescent Americans)it was abruptly grabbed by another member of the Jets without consent and respect to the quiet Latino. Moreover, the Latin Americans/ Puerto Ricans were mostly driven away and out of establishments and public leisure places. It was evident in the entire film that the he ight of discrimination and prejudice occurred in the late 1950s to early 1960s and it was shown how the Latinos were mostly bullied by the White Americans (Dirks 1961).The setting of the West Side Story is at the basketball court of Manhattan. Even if the scenario in the court, it was obvious that the Latin Americans were discriminated as they were not favored to play in the same court with the White Americans. It was evident however, that there was a rival even in basketball for the two different races. Furthermore, a representative member of the Jets (White American adolescents) vandalized a wall and wrote: â€Å"Sharks stink!† Upon catching this adolescent in the act, the Sharks saw what the White American adolescent did and so they chased after him and the riot between the White and the Latin Americans began (Howe 2003).The Sharks (East side) and the Jets (West side)A hot-tempered and authoritative cop was assigned in monitoring the activities of the two distinct groups, The Sharks and Jets. The cop’s name was Officer Krupke, played by the actor William Bramley. Officer Krupke’s major task and obligation is to control and to minimize the rate of crime and therefore maintain peace and order in the streets of Manhattan.Meanwhile, the Jets (West side) were preoccupied in praising themselves with all pride and self-centered egoism. According to the Jets, they walk tall as they consider themselves the kings of the streets in Manhattan. The Jets perceive that the east side, Sharks (the Latin Americans) were a threat to their dream of being the king of the streets, in so doing, the Jets consisting of the White Americans just would not stop throwing mock at the Latinos and drive them away wherever the Jets hang out. Further, the Sharks or the Latin Americans led by Bernardo just kept themselves mum at a time just to keep their group away from trouble. However their threshold of patience was reached at a certain point of them when Bernardo was mocked by the cop, Officer Krupke himself- showing that he was in favor of the White Americans. In this case, Bernardo decided he would stand up for his group and race and they decided to fight in defense of those Jets and other White Americans who interfere with their freedom and right of peace (RC 2008).Upon Bernardo’s (leader of the Sharks in west side) and his group’s implicit decision to fight for their right of freedom, respect, and peace in Manhattan, they resort to fight with the Jets in a dance showdown. From that dance, the difference of the two cultures was shown in terms of their specialties in music genre: the Latinos were good dancers of boogie, salsa, twist, and cha-cha, whereas for the white Americans, they are good dancers but not as good and as creative dancers as the Latin Americans. During the dance showdown, two eyes met as if they were magnetized to notice each other inspite of the numerous Sharks and Jets dancing on the floor. The two love birds were Maria (played by the famous Natalie Wood) and Tony (as portrayed by Richard Beymer). Maria (a Puerto Rican/ Latin American woman) fell in love at first sight with Tony ( a member of the Jets, a white American) during the first dance showdown between the White Americans and the Latin American adolescents. Further, the dance showdown halted as soon as Bernardo (Maria’s brother) noticed the undesirable scene. Bernardo obviously did not want his sister to fall in love with a White American especially with belonging in their opponent Jets (Shulman 1961).In the next scene of the film, the West side Jets claim they have departed the social norm that is why they are anti-social and juvenile delinquents. According to the songs they sing, they need help and they could not be blamed for their behavior since each one of them have their issues and problems in their families. Most of them were misunderstood and belonging in broken family set-up. At the end of their song, they address officer Krupke (RC 2008).The climax of this move is when the conflict between the Jets and the Sharks became intense up to the point that both parties decided to pick a fight and end their rival in duel. ON the other hand, Maria (Bernardo’s sister and Tony’s girlfriend) secretly meet with Tony even she knows that it is dangerous for the both of them. Since Tony was madly in love with Maria, he took the risk and courted Maria. However, Maria requested and pleaded her Tony to try to stop the war between the two groups. Tony, hesitant at first for the difficult request of Maria, agreed to do his best and try to stop the fight as soon as possible (Shulman 1961).The West Side Story: A grand slam receiver of Academy AwardsHaving been released by the United Artists in 1961, the West side story gained praise and at the same time critiques from the viewers and it also achieved the title of: â€Å"the 2nd highest grossing movie† in 1961. The West side story received a tot al of ten Academy awards and it achieved several nominations and recognitions in the United States.This award winning movie, West Side Story achieved success in depicting the current existing culture of the Americans (both for the White and Latin Americans) during the 1960’s. The West side story achieved several honors and Academy awards namely for the following categories: for Best Picture, considering Robert Wise is the producer; Best for Supporting Actor played by George Chakiris as â€Å"Bernardo;† Best Supporting Actress for Rita Moreno who portrayed the role of â€Å"Anita;† another Academy award for the film’s Best Art Direction category considering the aspects of the right choice of set color and design, claimed by Victor Gangelin and Boris Leven; Best in Cinematography category: good choice and quality for the film’s color which induces the movie’s theme, claimed by Daniel Fapp; another award of Best in Costume Design for Irene Shar aff; Best in Directing for Robert Wise and Jerome Robbins; Best Academy award in Film Editing for Thomas Stanford; Award for the film’s Original Music Score and of the   Musical Picture credited to Johnny Green, Saul Chaplin, Sid Ramin, and Irwin Kostal; and last but not the least, the West side story also gained the Academy award Academy for Best Sound as credit to Fred Hynes (Todd-AO SSD) and Gordon Sawyer (Samuel Goldwyn SSD) (Howe 2003).In addition, the West side story achieved further recognitions, awards, and nominations were the result of the cooperation of the cast and those working staff behind the scenes. In 1997, the film was promoted by the United States Library of Congress (USLC) as it has been considered as a film that is being culturally significant and it was chosen to be preserved in the collection of the National Film Registry. Similarly, the West side story achieved further awards and recognition as Best in Writing and Screenplay based on material from an other medium, as credited to Mr. Ernest Lehman; another received award by this film is the Academy Award for Brilliant Achievements in the Art of Choreography on Film credit to and for Jerome Robbins (one of the directors of the West side story). Furthermore, the west side story achieved 1998 American Film Institution Recognition (AFI) as rating number 41 out of 100 movies in the United States. In 2002, it also gained American Film Institution Recognition (AFI) as rated number three in the Passions of the United States for 100 years. The songs used in the West side story also top rated the charts especially for the songs: Somewhere (rated number 20 for 100 years), also for the song America (rated number 35 for 100 years), and also including the song, Tonight (rated number 59 for 100 years) consecutively as recorded in 2004 charts. In 2006, it achieved recognition of100 Years of Musicals rating number 2 from AFI and apparently, the West side story achieved the recognition of 100 Year s for 100 Movies in its tenth (10th) Anniversary Edition rating number 51 from AFI, as put into account in year 2007 (Howe 2003).The Soundtrack used in the West Side StoryIn order for a great multi-million dollar winning movie to become possible, the choice of songs as background music for the movie’s soundtrack plays a very important factor in determining the success of the movie. Originally, the West side story was a musical created by Johnny Richards. In 1961, West side story was adapted and recorded by the Stan Kenton Orchestra as musical collection jazz orchestra using Bernstein scores. However the Stan Kenton Orchestra’s version was viewed and evaluated by the film directors of the West side story, it was the different version of musicale from the musicale included in the ongoing film. In fact, upon seeing the Stan’s orchestra jazz version, the directors claim that they should have used Stan’s version as soundtrack of the film but it was too late an d a new and different version was created by the song directors to be used in the West side story. Although The Stan Kenton’s version was not used as the basis of musicale background of the film, it gained a Grammy Award for Best Jazz Recording of a large group in 1962 (Shulman 196).This is not saying that West side story was free from flaws and considered therefore as perfect, but it was generally agreed by majority that the film was a good and timely musicale reflecting the current cultural norms and values of the Americans in 1960s. In manner of clothing, perception of power, basis for conflict, the prevalent prejudice and discrimination, and the diverse nature of language, music, and dance steps. The difference between the White and Latin Americans was explicitly described and presented in the portrayal of the main and supporting characters of the movie (RC 2008).Characteristics of the Characters in West side storyDescribed as â€Å"New York’s classic of the 1960s ,’’ West side story was astoundingly studded with magnificent and good starts who sang the songs like Tonight, Maria, I Feel Pretty, America, Officer Krupke, A Place for Us, and I Have Love (citation). Although Maria was criticized for delivering some lines the songs with uncertain accent, the musicale was a success for its overall success in portraying the life and culture of the adolescent, White and Latin Americans in 1960s. The characters of the West side story played a major role in making the film on of the best musicale created in the United States.First and foremost, Rita Moreno (girlfriend of Bernardo) and the one who played the role of â€Å"Anita,† delivered a great portrayal of her character in the movie. Anita, as a Latin American, was a graceful and flexible dancer, and at the same time, was good singer as she sang some songs in the film. Similarly, Russ Tamblyn, who played the role of Rif, was the persuasive leader of the Westside Jets and portray ed his character fairly as well.Having been playing the role of Maria, Natalie Wood portrayed her character as an innocent-looking, young, and a graceful dancer and singer, Maria. The character Maria fell in love with Tony, the member of the Jets gang in the west side. On the other hand, George Chakiris playing the role of Bernardo, as the brother of Maria and leader of the Sharks in the East side, portrayed the role of a discriminated leader of a minority group of the Latino adolescents in Manhattan. Bernardo could be quiet and soft spoken at times but he has the tendency for aggression to assert himself and represent his group in defending their race against discrimination and prejudice of the white Americans. Most and the rest of the characters exerted their best performance level in portraying their roles for the West side story (UAPI 2009).The Significance and Recommendation of the West side storyThought the West side story was just presented in such a simple way, it successful ly addressed the important issues and problems in the society existing long, long time ago at the onset of 1960s and still exists nowadays. The social issues of family set up of the adolescents (particularly as sung by the Jets), the lack of attention parents and school personnel who should aid the personality development of the disturbed adolescents, the racial issues, conflict, discrimination and prejudice existing among culturally-diverse communities, increased the awareness of the viewers (who may be a parent, a policymaker, or district guidance counselor) and so, they could devise ways and create programs for the benefit of the currently growing adolescents. Even if the culture describe in the film was during the 1960’s it is obvious that discrimination and prejudice is still occurring in some communities in the United States; in so doing, this film may serve as a guide for the adolescents and the adults to address and provide solutions to current problems in the society and its members- especially for the benefit of the adolescents who are in pressing need of guidance, understanding, attention, and advice from the adults. In such case, the West side story is must-seen (UAPI 2009).Indeed, the West side story is a re-tell or a remake and a musical version of the popular novel/movie Romeo and Juliet (citation). It is a musical drama with soul-inspiring and enervating song lines sung by the stars of the film. Just like the tragic Shakespearean play Romeo and Juliet, the West side story ended with a tragic accident of killing the major characters in the movie namely Bernardo and Tony. Maria was left alone by her two loved ones due to the hatred built between the Jets and the Sharks of Upper West side Manhattan, New York City (RC 2008).Compared between the rival between Montague and Capulet families of Romeo and Juliet, the gangs Jets and Sharks hate could not stand each other as well. And so the gang wars between the two different races began (war exis ted between the Latin and White Americans in Manhattan, New York). Thus, the creation of the West side story was just in time to support the cinema/ silver screen in competition with the shows on television popularized during the 1960s (UAPI 2009).The Staff behind the Scenes of the West side storyThe film version of the West side story was based from the book of Arthur Laurents having the same title. Further, the musicale collection based from the collection of musical scores of Leonard Bernstein. The lyrics of the songs sung by the stars in the West side story were composed by Stephen Sondheim. Moreover, the choreography and the musical concept were contributed of Jerome Robbins. Further, the screenplay was written by Ernest Lehman. Producers of this film were Walter Mirisch, Robert Wise, and Saul Chaplin respectively. The cinematography on the other hand, was powered by the creative mind of Daniel Fapp. Color for the film was also powered by Technicolor and thus, the film itself w as taken in Panavision 700. This movie was astoundingly directed two of the greatest directors of the era: namely, Jerome Robbins and Robert Wise (UAPI 2009).The Relationship of the West side story to Shakespeare’s Romeo and JulietThe West side story was indeed a vibrant film which is full of life among the characters. Further the Broadway musicale style of the 1961 film written by Laurents and directed by Robbins was a â€Å"hit† top-notching the charts of the best movies in 1960s in the silver screen. Replicating the tragic, Shakespearean novel, Romeo and Juliet, the West side story has the same characteristics of the play Romeo and Juliet since the lovers in the story, Tony and Maria attempted to risk the danger of having a relationship despite of their difference in their races. Maria was Puerto Rican and Tony was a White American making them members of the two opposite races (UAPI 2009).The two opposing and distinct races and ethnicities, White and Latin Americans were the focus of this movie. In order to present the differences in culture of the White and Latin Americans, the movie was able to show the attitude of White, European adolescents towards the Latin, Puerto Ricans. Further, the story was presented by producing the story using a ground-breaking, exhilarating musicale with an astounding well-performed choreography by the various outstanding artists. The West side story poses the emerging conflict present among the inhabitants of the Upper West Side Manhattan in New York City during the 1960s. The movie poses the problems of the adolescents in engaging in criminal chain and gang wars which obstructs the peace and order in the community of Upper West side New York. Moreover, in order to present such existing culture and social problems of the United States in 1960, the entire movie was taken and shot in the streets of Upper West side New York City and in Manhattan. However, some of the parts and scenes in the movie were shot and recor ded on the improvised sets and studios prepared by the floor directors (UAPI 2009).In comparison of the West side story in Shakespeare’s Romeo and Juliet, The Montague family came to be the counterparts of the White American Jets in the West side story. Similarly, the Capulet family was the counterpart of the Puerto Rican/ Latin American Sharks. Relatively, Bernardo’s abduction of Riff in a gang fight (Tony’s elder brother), simulates the similar scenario of the tragic accident of Mercutio (Romeo’s friend in Romeo and Juliet) being killed by Tybalt, who appears to be Juliet’s cousin. As a result, Romeo resorted to kill Tybalt as well as a revenge for the death of his friend Mercutio. Apparently, the same related scenario of revenge in a fight simulates the scene where Tony abducted Bernardo after stabbing Tony’s elder brother, Riff. Furthermore several characters in the west side story have their counterpart or equivalent characters that por trayed similar roles in Romeo and Juliet and these are the following: Anita in the West side story portraying the â€Å"Nurse† (Juliet’s confidante in Romeo and Juliet) and Doc in the West side story portraying the role of â€Å"Friar Lawrence† in Romeo and Juliet novel. But it is to put into account that the tragic suicide of Romeo and Juliet at the end of the story was not the same with the ending of the West side story since Maria, after the death of her beloved Tony, did not kill herself but she just furiously pointed the blame to the pointless, mad desire of the Shark and Jets gang (citation).Critiques argue for the West side story that the movie was a similar recreation of other classic hit musicales like the â€Å"Gypsy† and the â€Å"Dolls.† However it was interpreted that way by critiques and viewers, The West side story is considered as one of the America’s masterpiece production in the global silver screen. The West side story was a hit for it was a divergence from the current popular culture of movies in the 1960s. The unique musicale of the West side story discussed social problems in the United States: gang wars, racial discrimination, juvenile delinquencies and family problems through the songs sung by the adolescents, Jets in the entire movie (Zoglin 2009).Salient points to consider and some important scenarios in the West side storyFocusing on Maria and Tony’s love affair, they seem to risk what danger could happen the moment the other members of the Sharks and Jets the get to know the forbidden relationship of Maria and Tony. When the lovers hear the arrival of Anita (Bernardo’s girlfriend) Tony quickly escaped his way out of the house and he said Maria that they should meet at the drug store owned by Doc to elope and get married. However, Anita accidentally caught the presence of Tony quickly escaping the house. Anita was startled and reacted negatively at first but she listened when Ma ria explained how she loved Tony so much. Inspite of Anita’s grievance over Bernardo’s death she resorts to help Maria arrange their plan of eloping and getting married. Moreover, Anita gave Maria a hint that Chino of the Sharks is after Tony to kill him with a pistol (Zoglin 2009).As the officer, Lt. Schrank arrived at Maria’s house he questioned Maria for the riot/gang wars that recently occurred between the Sharks and the Jets. Maria was careful enough for covering up Tony in order to protect him from the further questioning and investigation of the officer. Maria lured the Lt. Schrank by sending Anita as an errand to Doc’s drugstore to buy a medicine to relieve the pain she is feeling in her head. Such action of Anita was for the purpose of delivering a message to Tony at the drugstore that Maria could not come and meet her for Maria was held as a detainee a under investigation of Lt. Schrank. However, upon entering the drugstore, Anita did not expect that she was going to be mocked by the White American, Jets. Not only this, the Jets tried to harass her as an insult to her being a â€Å"Puerto Rican.† Maria was disrespected by the rest of the Jets not giving her a chance to deliver Maria’s message for Tony. In so doing, the circumstance really made Anita really furious. Consequentially, Anita distorted the real message that she has to deliver (that Maria was detained due to Lt. Schrank’s queries) and she imparted that her message was to tell Tony that Maria was shot dead by Chino with a gun. The chaos was stopped by Doc as he yelled to them inside the drugstore and also, for the Jets to stop harassing and making fun of the Puerto Rican lady, Anita. The jets stopped and listen to the old man (Doc). However, Doc went down to the basement and checked out the hiding Tony. Further, he relayed Anita’s untrue, bad news to Tony that Maria was shot dead by Chino. So, Tony abruptly ran his way up and out of th e drugstore’s basement and then he searched for Chino with desolation and hopelessness and how he’d wish that Chino would kill him as well (Zoglin 2009).While searching for Chino, Tony saw Maria on the road. The lovers were so happy to see each other again especially Tony when he thought that his beloved Maria was already dead. Suddenly, Chino appeared in the scene and shoot Tony. Maria was so startled as her lover fell on his knees and landed on Maria’s arms. Maria, trying to comfort her dying lover sang a song for him so that he will not be afraid. The lovers affirmed that if their love was not possible here, they should continue their love somewhere place as they should see each other again in their next life and in the other world. The White Jets and the Puerto Ricans Sharks ran towards the death scene together with the cops (including Officer Krupke in the scene). Maria was infuriated with the mere presence of officer Krupke and she yelled at him not to eve n dare to come closer the dead body of his beloved Tony. Maria took the gun from the suspect Chino and there she pointed the gun ate everyone: the Sharks and the Jets. She blamed that the death of Riff, Bernardo, and Tony was the fault of the both gangs and the result to all their selfish hatred. So for the reason that Officer Krupke was hindered by Maria to get even closer to Tony, some of the members of the Jets and Sharks took the initiative in carrying Tony’s corpse. After the tragic killings of the leaders of the Jets and Sharks in the streets of Manhattan, New York, the gang war between the two gangs was considered over (Zoglin 2009).Realism was shown and achieved in the West side story since the songs used in the entire movie were a mixture of English and Spanish songs. In order to reflect the underlying multicultural theme of the story, the songs were carefully selected and very well performed by the actors/singers. Together jam-packed with a set of dance steps, pirou ette, leaps in its choreography, the overall mood of the movie was an exciting one (citation).The West side story was indeed a must-seen movie since it is very substantial and culturally significant. In order for people to understand the nature of conflict in different groups, and the reason for discrimination and prejudice, the West side story successfully presented the conflicts occurring among the adolescents resulting to their behavior problems and maladjustment in the society. In the form of musicale of songs and dances, the message of the film was carried out through the innovative and creative performances of the carefully-selected artists of the film (Zoglin 2009).Modified by Ernest Lehman, the rewrite version of the West side story had remained a striking and filled with energetic and enthusiastic songs reflected from its lyrics. Furthermore, the book version of the West side story play was containing songs which are mostly composed by Stephen Sondheim and Leonard Bernstein . The talented directors of the West side story are Robert Wise and Jerome Robbins. Considering Robert Wise’s expertise I the field of directing, the collaboration with the professional dance choreographer, Jerome Robbins was a very intelligent decision and resulted to make the movie a real big hit in the silver screen (Zoglin 2009).Robert Wise and Jerome Robbins respectively gained recognition for the West side story. However, Jerome Robbins was pulled out of the West side story project since he was frequently the reason for procrastination of the shoots, budget-exceeding production rates, and also, Robbin’s frequent disagreement with Wise was a reason for the rest of the staff to remove him from the direction of the West side story. Robbins’ ideals for the completion of the West side story were becoming overwhelmingly expensive just for his wish to make the movie close to perfection. Four of the dynamic dance steps which Robbins choreographed in the West side story were the following: â€Å"Something’s coming,† â€Å"Prologue,† â€Å"Cool,† and â€Å"America.†The West side story is also focused on the love story of two different people having different races. However love was the foundation, Tony and Maria were separated due to hatred and violence. Tony was Maria’s first love. She loved the man inspite of the fact that they were belonging in different race and that her brother and their group of minority Puerto Rican gang (Sharks) not in good terms with the White American gang (Jets). When Maria first set her eyes with Tony, she fall (right then and there) madly in love with Tony and vice versa; these first encounter of Maria and Tony happened during the dance showdown between the Jest and the Sharks. Tony’s on the other hand, who was previously preoccupied with the activities with his gang in the West side has diverted his attention to Maria when he fell in love with her.However, consider ing the obvious fact that Maria’s brother, Bernardo was a leader of the Sharks and his prospect lover Tony was member of the opponent Jets, Maria still persists to pursue her forbidden and controversial love affair with Tony.   Maria knows that Bernardo would never approve of her love affair with Tony for Bernardo knows how cruel, prejudicial, and discriminating the White American race was. Meanwhile, Jets Sharks just would not stop claiming right over the west side streets of New York for their gang’s territory. At first, the Sharks could be observed that they do not have any intention of keeping the streets to their own, but the Jets just would not stop bullying and discriminating, and driving them away wherever they see them. The Sharks think, especially Bernardo (as their leader) that this was too much and they believe they deserve a right to whatever the White Americans enjoy doing and hanging around. So what the Sharks did is to engage in a fight with the Jets most of the time to defend themselves from the unjust dominance of the Jets. Consequentially, the rival lead to a fight between the Jets and the Sharks and this caused the death of Riff, Bernardo, and Tony as well (Zoglin 2009).Maria requested Tony if he could no something to stop the mad fight between the two gangs. At first, Tony hesitated to give in to Mari’s request but because he loves her so much and he would love to marry her, he agreed with Maria and he said he would do everything he can to stop the war between the two gangs. The sad thing is, Tony did not expect that his brother Riff was going to be killed in the gang war. So, to avenge the sudden death of his brother in Bernardo’s hands, Tony resorts to abduct Bernardo as well due to the sudden rage of his emotions (Zoglin 2009).The 1960s showed a great importance to the subculture created by adolescent Americans. Although the Americans are a culture in itself, it has different influence of subcultures branch ing out and one example of this subculture is the Puerto Ricans. The multicultural society of the gangs among the adolescent White Americans and Puerto Ricans in the New York, West side community was emerged during the 1960’s where gang wars chain gangs had become eminent and widely spread in the local news (Zoglin 2009).The West side story was indeed an enticing film by Jerome Robbins and Robert Wise. Similar to the tragic story of Romeo and Juliet, the west side story successfully addressed the social problem of juvenile delinquency and discrimination in the multicultural society of the United States during the 1950s to 1960s. Relatively, the love story of Maria (Natalie Wood) and Tony (Richard Beymer) is similar to the love story of Romeo and Juliet that the lovers crossed boundaries despite their difference in ethnicity, race, and culture. This shows that the heart does not choose the one to love. For Tony, It does not matter if Maria is a Puerto Rican, discriminated and a member of their enemy, Sharks. Same for Maria: she does not care if Tony is a white American, a mocker, discriminating, and a member of the Jets gang which is the opponent of Maria’s brother, Bernardo. The west side story was able to accomplish a creative, upbeat, and ardent choreography of dance steps and overwhelming lyrics of the songs sang by the characters in the West side story (Zoglin 2009).This invigorating and elating film is dazzling with the combination of songs and dance steps interpreting the lifestyle and culture of adolescent Americans in the United States during the 1960s. It was plausible to the extent that the prevalent gang wars among the diverging culture of the Puerto Ricans against the White Americans was portrayed in such a way that it seems less violent and therefore, there was no violent bloodshed in the movie. However, there was no need for blood-shedding, serious fight in the entire film in order to present how serious the outcome would be for eng aging in gang wars of the New York streets (Zoglin 2009).Officer Shrank warned both the Jets and the Sharks to avoid fighting on his streets or else, Officer Shrank threatened the boys that he would beat the boys up. After the encounter with Officer Schrank and Officer Krupke, Riff led his group to sing a song which is praise for the Jets. The Jets despise the Sharks for they were a threat to the streets in which the Jets wants to own. He persuaded the rest of his Jets members to perceive that their gang is the most strenuous, invincible, and superior team and that they deserve the right to everything especially in the streets of the Upper West side New York. Riff was very anxious to control the spreading volume of the Sharks since it was a tendency that the Sharks might dominate the streets of New York, should the latter multiply its members. In so doing, Riff persuaded his gang mates that they should fight against the Sharks/Puerto Ricans and kill them if they have to so as to con trol their proliferation in the streets. The one who should win the fight would be declared as the winner and therefore, would have the right to dominate in the Manhattan streets of New York. Moreover, Riff resorts to fighting their rival gang, Sharks with deadly weapon like a dagger for instance (Zoglin 2009).Overall, the story shows that there is both a similarity and difference in the culture of the Puerto Ricans and the White Americans. Though they are different in race, color, and ethnicity, both races was shown to have the same interests like in dancing, singing, basketball, and favorite hang-outs. Because of such similarity and interests, the White American Jets, led by Riff was pissed off upon always seeing the Puerto American Sharks wherever they go and spend their time. Further, it was explicitly shown that the Jets are more confident than the Puerto Ricans since they are the majority of inhabitants or citizens in New York during the 1960s (Zoglin 2009).From a challenge to a dance night out with the Sharks, the Jets just would not stop pissing the Sharks and driving their rivals away so that the Sharks would not be a threat to their desire of keeping their authority and ownership of the streets of New York west side. But what happened in the dance was overlapped with the instance when Maria and Tony saw each other and locked each other’s eyes for long time as if they are not seeing anybody but the two of them. Bernardo caught the both of them in the act that is why he did not decide to finish the dance; hence, he took his sister’s hands and pulled her off the dance floor (citation).Because of pride, the Jets boosted their egos by singing themselves song of somewhat victorious melodic songs as if they were the superior race and the others are just second class. Riff (the current leader of the Jets) decided that Tony should be the one to coordinate the challenge of the Jets to the Sharks. At first, Tony was hesitant to give in to the requ est. However later on, Tony agreed to tell the message to the Sharks. For the reason that Tony was once the leader of the gang since Tony was also a mastermind in co-founding the group of White Americans. On the other hand, Maria was conversing with Anita at a bridal shop where Maria is working. Maria told Anita (Bernardo’s boyfriend), how much Maria loves Tony and that she explained to Anita that his brother Bernardo, should not be that too much, extreme protective of her (Zoglin 2009).Inspite of the distinct difference of the Puerto Ricans from the White Americans, the two divert gangs were shown to be enjoying themselves using their talents in dancing and singing which makes them similar in their interests. The gang members Sharks and Jets may have experienced conflict between their groups because of their overt difference. The majorities of the White Americans dislike the minorities of Puerto Ricans because the Whites believe and perceive that they are the strongest race, invincible, and therefore, they should walk tall and act like kings! For the Jets: they should own, rule, and dominate the streets and they should have the right to the territory no matter what it takes (Dirks 1961).ConclusionThe West Side Story highlights the following scenarios which had occurred in the 1960’s: During the 1960’s, juvenile delinquencies are rampant among adolescents. Similarly, there is also prevalence of discrimination and prejudice among the White and Latin Americans. Puerto Ricans are disliked and bullied by the White Americans upon thinking that the White Americans are the superior race that should own the streets and that the Latin Americans, specifically the Puerto Ricans, have no right to be in places where the White American adolescents hang out and play. In so doing there were chain gang fights are everywhere. Emerging in late 1950s and early 1960s, the streets of Manhattan had become a place where there is no peace and order due to the freq uent gang wars that occur between the two distinct races of the Whites and the Puerto Rican adolescents. However, the love story of Maria and Tony having the opposite race shows that love does not choose the color, race, and ethnicity of a person as a basis of whom it should love.